The study aims to investigate the students' learning difficulties in Integral Calculus, specifically in calculating integrals. The mixed methods research design was employed to gather quantitative data from the students' answers in the examination and collect qualitative data from them through open-ended interviews and scrutiny of their solutions. Findings of related previous investigations were documented to understand more the nature of the difficulties in the subject as experienced by others. Participants of the study were given the examination in indefinite integrals composed of items that require solely the use of integration formulas and items in which integration techniques should be applied. The quantitative data disclosed, after subjecting the index of difficulties to statistical treatment, that the learners have experienced the same level of difficulties in dealing with the two types of integrals. The qualitative data revealed, as viewed by the participants and as reflected in their solutions, that many of the errors pertain more to the learners' ability in trigonometric manipulation rather than with the integration per se. It was further concluded as highlighted from previous studies, that the learners' difficulties in
The study aims to determine if the students '
Lack of security measures for cybersecurity threat is somewhat vulnerable and can even put one’s digital life at high risk of phishing attack which is so alarming nowadays. Perpetrators may even use fictitious personal information to infiltrate various institutions for their malicious acts. It is the aim of this paper to present a security measure for a safe data transfer by means of vaccination card. Vaccination information is one of the most commonly acquired pieces of data today. However, because most internet data collection processes lack encryption, personal data becomes very vulnerable to threats. As a result, the researchers presented a Centralized Covid-19 Record System, which illustrates secure data transfer via RSA-generated QR codes. A descriptive research design was employed in which a survey questionnaire together with secondary data sources and online tools i.e., RSA Express Encryption/Decryption Calculator and QR code generator were utilized as data instruments. Through a culmination of knowledge on asymmetric cryptography, RSA algorithm, QR codes, and web system development, answers to the founded research questions were unveiled. The web system’s architecture comprises several components and sub-components building its digital makeup. For the system development process, the most essential structural components are the web browser, web server, and database server. Through a message encryption/decryption feature that makes use of the RSA algorithm in generating a key pair, cryptography was implemented in the system. The essential mathematical parameters comprising such features are RSA encryption algorithm, RSA decryption algorithm, and Euler phi function. As for the system development environment, several hardware and software requirements that build and support the system’s end-to-end process were also specified. Upon the employment of those specifications, the system was able to offer several security features including the 15-digit account user IDs and QR code scanning for log-in, secured acquisition of public and private keys, and an admin verification process. Lastly, it was found that asymmetric cryptosystem provides a secured channel for data transfer due to the computational difficulty of factoring the large integers that constitute modulo . Upon the strategic culmination of the study’s framework, well-established system architecture, required system specifications, and security measures, the researchers were able to successfully develop VacciFied.net, a Centralized Covid-19 Record System involving authenticated data transfer process.
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