Caracterizar la percepción de carga mental de trabajo en personal administrativo de una municipalidad de Chile. Metodología: Investigación de abordaje cuantitativo, con un diseño descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se utilizó un cuestionario que consta de dos partes: a) antecedentes biosociodemográficos y b) escala subjetiva de carga mental de trabajo (ESCAM), censándose a un total de 47 personas funcionarias administrativas de una municipalidad de Chile. Para el análisis de datos, se usó el programa "Statistical Package of Social Sciences" (SPSS) versión 25.0. Posteriormente, se procedió al cálculo estadístico descriptivo con cálculo de media, desviación estándar y rango. Se respetaron los principios éticos de Ezequiel Emmanuel y se contó con la autorización del comité ético científico. Resultados: Las personas trabajadoras presentan nivel de carga mental global medio alto (𝒙̅ : 3,38); los factores con mayor exposición a carga mental son características de la tarea (𝒙̅ : 4,09), demanda cognitiva y complejidad de la tarea (𝒙̅ : 3,89), el factor ritmo de trabajo es el que muestra resultados más bajos (𝒙̅ : 2,47). Conclusión: Las características del trabajo realizado por el personal administrativo implica un esfuerzo mental asociado al cumplimiento de la tarea,
No studies have been identified that address theoretical frameworks to guide the work of occupational health nursing. This integrative review aimed to identify nursing philosophies, theories and conceptual models applied in occupational health nursing. The search conducted in the WoS, PubMed, SCOPUS, BVS and CINAHL databases, analyzing 2974 manuscripts, applying filters, inclusion, and exclusion criteria previously defined, the final sample was composed of 17 articles. Of the selected studies, no philosophies were identified in the area, 1 manuscript corresponded to a theory and the remaining 16 were conceptual models. Regarding the topics, 2 papers were focused on environmental health, 3 addressed the client as a worker and 12 analyzed nursing as a worker; highlighting mainly emerging models, with a diminished development, as these were rescued mainly through the original publications of the authors and no uses were identified in other manuscripts. The identified theoretical frameworks will allow guiding the approach to health situations in occupational nursing. It was possible to distinguish developed areas, mainly associated with the formation, vision, role, orientation, and well-being of occupational health nursing, while the approach to the client as a worker and environmental health were only minimally addressed, being considered as knowledge gaps.
Introduction: among the elements that make up the disciplinary knowledge of nursing are the conceptual models, which guide the work, so it is necessary to know the methodological strategies used for their construction. Objective: to analyze in the available state of the art the methodological strategies used for the generation of conceptual models in nursing. Methods: an integrative review was carried out according to the "Integra" methodology, consulting the WoS, SCOPUS, CINAHL and Dialnet databases, which were complemented with a manual search. After applying filters, inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample consisted of 27 manuscripts. Results: the identified manuscripts fluctuated between 1968 and 2021, distinguishing a predominance in the inductive approach, the authors used elements that represent a specific reality for the construction of conceptual models of nursing, through empirical evidence through ethnographies, narrative studies, grounded theory and action research, practice experiences, observations, interviews, reflection, literature review and consensus of the researchers. Conclusions: three methodological approaches were identified for the generation of conceptual models in nursing, the inductive, deductive, and finally the mixed approach, the latter triangulating the first two, being able to enhance the strengths of each approach and diminishing its weaknesses.
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