INTRODUCTION: Facebook is the world's most widely accessed social network, where millions of people intercommunicate. Behavioral and psychological changes relate to abusive and uncontrolled use creating severe impacts on users' life. METHOD: A critical revision was performed through MedLine, Lilacs, SciELO and Cochrane databases using the terms: "Facebook Addiction, " "Social Network Sites, " "Facebook Abuse. " The search covered the past 5 years up to January 2015. Articles that examine dependence on Facebook in the general population were included; we analyzed how this concept evolved over the last five years, and hope to contribute to the better understanding of the issue and its impacts. RESULTS: Although controversial, published reports correlate Facebook addiction to mechanisms of reward and gratification. Some users developed an abusive relationship stimulated by the false feeling of satisfaction or as a way to feel better or more self-assured (increased level of excitement or escape). Studies from several countries indicate different prevalence, probably due to lack of consensus, and the use of different denominations, giving rise to the adoption of different diagnostic criteria. CONCLUSION: Social Networks are modern communication tools; however, not only benefits, but also subsequent damage caused by its abusive use must be monitored. Many users with abusive usage and dependence recognize significant losses in their personal, professional, academic, social and family lives. Further investigation is needed to determine if abusive Facebook usage is a new psychiatric classification or merely the substrate of other disorders.
OBJECTIVE:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a therapy based on cognitive and behavioral techniques: cognitive psychological education, cognitive restructuring, interoceptive exposure, breathing exercises and relaxation, all aiming at behavioral changes. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a specific model of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for alcoholic outpatients in the treatment of smoking. METHOD: Sessions were carried out in two stages: (1) a "stop smoking" stage lasting four weeks, with 3 sessions/ week; (2) a maintenance stage beginning with 2 weeks of a single weekly session, followed by monthly sessions until the end of the one-year treatment. RESULTS: Forty patients participated in this study, 22 men and 18 women. After a year of treatment, 24 patients had stopped smoking, whereas 16 relapsed during the course of the year; two abandoned treatment. Women showed better results: 77.8% stopped smoking by the end of the treatment, but only 45.4% of the men reached this goal. CONCLUSION: Patients under treatment for alcoholism submitted to the tobacco treatment program; a majority of them achieved the treatment goal. A growing population of alcoholics and smokers are looking for treatment; this points to the need for a follow-up treatment program for smoking in an Alcoholism Treatment Unit. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy proved to be effective in the treatment of tobacco dependency mainly in women.
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