This paper presents a method for speed, position and induced emf; estimation in permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) through application of the sliding mode technique. The electrical dynamic equations of PMSM are modified to obtain the sliding mode observer model where the induced emf.', position and speed are estimated using measured stator currents and voltages. The observer of the induced emf is implemented using analog devices and the estimated speed and position variables are numerically implemented From the estimated position another modified method is proposed to speed estimation based on an adaptive method Simulation results are used to analyse the proposed induced emf;, position and speed observer. Experimental results comprove the erpected performance of the observer.
I n this paper, a position control using sliding mode for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented accounting for the time delay in the control algorithm calculation and for the maximum power converter switching frequency capability. The sliding mode technique is very advantageous for making system robust to parameters variations and aternal disturbances. The control system here presented was jirst proposed in [I]. I t makes possible carrying out all the drive functions in a single controller, including the sinusoidal currents control. Here a Puke Wi&h Modulation technique, a low pass jilter (U0 for the reference of the stator current and some other developments are introduced to avoid loss of robustness and to keep a good performance at practical calculation delays and switching frequencies. These modijications in the original algorithms also guarantee reduced currents and torque ripple. Simulation and experimental results are presented Lw 1 id +isq we +v,, (I) l'd = --R. Lsd Ld 'sd p 2 ( = -we + -L ,~ -L~~) id i4 J J IEEE Catalogue No. 95TH8025 0-7803-2423-4/95/$4.OOoI 95'5 IEEE
Let B be any finite commutative ring with identity., where a ∈ {2, 3, 5, 7, · · ·}, k ≥ 1, is the descending chain of commutative semigroup rings. All these semigroup rings are containing the polynomial ring B[X; Z0]. In this paper initially we introduced the construction technique of cyclic codes through a semigroup ring B[X; 1 a k Z0] instead of a polynomial ring. After this we separately considered BCH, alternant, Goppa, Srivastava codes and by this new constructions we improve the several results of [1] by adopting the same lines as in [1].
A capacidade intrínseca dos humanos de detectar, diferenciar e classificar rapidamente os objetos nos permite tomar decisões rápidas em relação ao que é visto. Aplicações podem se beneficiar de detecção rápida e leve de objetos para imagens ou vídeos. Embora, nos últimos 5 anos, o setor de tecnologia tenha apresentado dispositivos com recursos de processamento e armazenamento impressionantes, os métodos de detecção e reconhecimento de objetos geralmente requerem alto poder de processamento e/ou grande disponibilidade de armazenamento, tornando difícil para os dispositivos com recursos restritos realizar a detecção e reconhecimento em tempo real sem uma conexão com um servidor. O modelo apresentado neste documento requer apenas 95 megabytes de armazenamento e a execução requer 113 ms em média por imagem em CPU de um laptop, tornando-o adequado para dispositivos que podem ser usados em qualquer lugar.
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