There was a low prevalence of human papillomavirus detection in the oral mucosa of asymptomatic men. Highly oncogenic human papillomavirus types and infection by more than one viral type was observed. Oral sex practices and a large number of sexual partners may increase the risk of acquiring human papillomavirus infection.
Women infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) are at a higher risk of developing
cervical lesions. In the current study, self and clinician-collected vaginal and
cervical samples from women were processed to detect HPV DNA using polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) with PGMY09/11 primers. HPV genotypes were determined using
type-specific PCR. HPV DNA detection showed good concordance between self and
clinician-collected samples (84.6%; kappa = 0.72). HPV infection was found in 30%
women and genotyping was more concordant among high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) than low-risk
HPV (HR-HPV). HPV16 was the most frequently detected among the HR-HPV types. LR-HPV
was detected at a higher frequency in self-collected; however, HR-HPV types were more
frequently identified in clinician-collected samples than in self-collected samples.
HPV infections of multiple types were detected in 20.5% of clinician-collected
samples and 15.5% of self-collected samples. In this study, we demonstrated that the
HPV DNA detection rate in self-collected samples has good agreement with that of
clinician-collected samples. Self-collected sampling, as a primary prevention
strategy in countries with few resources, could be effective for identifying cases of
HR-HPV, being more acceptable. The use of this method would enhance the coverage of
screening programs for cervical cancer.
The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the highest in young, sexually active women less than 35 years of age. Direct diagnosis of infection by enabling genotyping methods is important considering that the viral types are divided into high (HR-HPV) and low (LR-HPV) oncogenic risk. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of HPV infection in self-collected samples from young women. A cross-sectional study of 245 sexually active students (18 to 35 years of age) was undertaken with self-collected samples. Extracted DNA was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the PGMY 09/11 and PC04/GH20 primers for the detection of HPV DNA and the β-globin gene, respectively. Viral genotyping was performed by type-specific PCR (TS-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Of the 236 valid samples, 68 (28.9%) were positive for HPV DNA, as genotyped by TS-PCR and RFLP. The HR-HPV were most prevalent, especially HPV-16, -31, -33, and -45, and the most prevalent LR-HPV were HPV-6 and -83. Multi-type HPV infections were detected in 17 (25%) samples. HPV infection was statistically more prevalent among younger women with lower educational levels and who had more partners in the past 2 years. A high prevalence of HPV infection was found in the age group examined, especially HR-HPV types, as well as the presence of risk behaviors associated with HPV infection were observed. Considering these results, vaccinating females before the onset of sexual activity in Brazil should be emphasized.
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