RESUMO.As pastagens geralmente perdem seu potencial produtivo e vigor de rebrota nos primeiros anos, frequentemente associada à falta de adubação nitrogenada. O objetivo deste foi verificar o efeito de fontes e doses de adubação nitrogenada na atividade microbiana (carbono da biomassa microbiana e carbono do CO 2 liberado) e na fertilidade do solo cultivado com Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial 3 x 4, envolvendo três fontes de nitrogênio (uréia, sulfato de amônio e Ajifer-L40) e quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 100, 200 e 400 kg ha ABSTRACT. Sources and levels of nitrogen fertilization on microbial activity and fertility in soil cropped with Brachiaria brizantha. Pastures usually lose their yield potential and re-growth energy in a few years, most often due to the lack of nitrogen fertilization. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of sources and levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization, under microbial activity (carbon of microbial biomass and carbon released as CO 2 ) and fertility of soil cropped with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés. The experimental design was randomized, organized under a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, with three nitrogen sources (urea, ammonium sulfate and Ajifer-L40) and four nitrogen levels (0, 100, 200 and 400 kg ha levels of N. The higher levels of ammonium sulfate resulted in soil acidification. Soil carbon loss, due to the high microbial activity, could be the result of metabolic stress caused by soil acidification. The application of 100 kg ha -1 of nitrogen was the best fertilizing level, considering the smaller loss of soil carbon by microbial activity.
RESUMO.A viabilização e aumento da produção de novas cultivares podem ser obtidos com a prática da adubação nitrogenada. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar o efeito de fontes e doses de adubação nitrogenada, em profundidades, na colonização micorrízica e na fertilidade do solo com Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés. O delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados e os tratamentos em esquema fatorial 3 x 4, envolvendo três fontes de nitrogênio (ureia, sulfato de amônio e ajifer-L40), quatro doses (0, 100, 200 e 400 kg ha -1 ) estudadas em duas profundidades (0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m), com três repetições. Por parcela, as amostras compostas, por cinco amostras simples de solo, foram coletadas, peneiradas, homogeneizadas e destinadas às análises. O uso do ajifer e da ureia proporcionou maior produtividade de massa seca da parte aérea de B. brizantha cv. Xaraés. Em contrapartida, esta sofre redução à medida que as doses se elevaram. A melhor dose de adubação foi a aplicação de 100 kg ha ABSTRACT. Mycorrhizal colonization and soil fertility under different sources and levels of nitrogen fertilization on Brachiaria brizantha. The feasibility and increase in the production of new cultivars can be obtained with the practice of nitrogen fertilization. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of sources and levels of nitrogen fertilization, concerning the depths, on the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization and soil fertility when covered by Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés. A randomized blocks design was used and the treatments were under a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, regarding three nitrogen sources (urea, ammonium sulfate, and ajifer-L40) and 4 nitrogen levels (0, 100, 200 and 400 kg ha -1 ), studied at 2 different depths (0-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m), with 3 replications. In each plot, the soil samples, composed of 5 simple samples, were collected, sieved, homogenized and sent for analysis. The use of ajifer and urea promoted higher production of shoot dry matter of B. brizantha cv. Xaraés. On the other hand, this dry matter showed reduction with the increase of N doses. The best fertilization dose was 100 kg ha , SB and V%. Sporulation, but not mycorrhizal colonization, was stimulated by higher applied dosages.
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