Influenza virus infection is a major health care burden and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The 2009 influenza pandemic highlighted the importance of influenza surveillance. The objective of this study was to assess the epidemiology and activity of influenza A and B viruses in adults and children in the post-pandemic period with a special focus on the pediatric population. We performed a retrospective descriptive study involving adults and children with influenza-like illness at the Clinico San Carlos Hospital (Madrid, Spain) over six influenza seasons, between August 2010 and April 2016. Respiratory specimens were collected from 3131 patients and routinely processed for influenza diagnosis. Epidemiological analysis was performed in terms of gender, age, and seasonal distribution. Globally, Influenza A and B viruses were detected in the respiratory specimens of 696 (22.2%) of the 3131 studied population. Among all influenza positive specimens, 142 (20.4%) were influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, 61 (8.8%) were influenza A(H3N2), 321 (46.1%) were untypeable influenza A viruses and 166 (23.9%) were influenza B. Co-infection by both influenza A and B viruses was detected in six patients (0.9%). Meanwhile, co-infection with other non-influenza respiratory viruses was identified in 5 children and 20 adults. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus activity has been significantly high since the 2009 pandemic and has gradually replaced the previously circulating seasonal influenza A(H1N1) virus. Moreover, influenza A(H3N2) virus activity remained at low levels during the last winter season while influenza B virus isolates increased significantly over the past 2 years.
The Alere i Influenza A&B assay is a novel isothermal nucleic acid amplification assay capable of detecting and differentiating influenza A and B viruses in approximately 15 min with minimal hands-on time. This study was conducted in order to assess the performance of the Alere i Influenza A&B assay compared to molecular techniques, considered to be gold standard methods, to evaluate the results. A total of 119 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from inpatients with influenza-like illness were included in the study using both archived and prospectively collected samples from adults and children. Prospectively collected samples were also compared to the Alere BinaxNOW ® Influenza A & B Card. The overall sensitivity for detection of influenza A and B viruses compared to those of molecular techniques were 65.96 % and 53.33 % respectively, while the specificity was 98.51 % and 95.96 %.
We studied in vitro ceftaroline combinations against 61 meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates; 18 of them were also resistant to linezolid, using overlapping E-test method. Daptomycin-ceftaroline combination obtained lower fractional inhibitory concentration values, in comparison with those including vancomycin or linezolid against meticillin-resistant S. aureus (P<0.05). All meticillin- and linezolid-resistant S. aureus strains were resistant to ceftaroline; nevertheless, combinations with vancomycin or daptomycin showed higher synergy or addition rates than those with linezolid.
Objetivo. Conocer la prevalencia de la soledad no deseada en adolescentes de centros educativos vinculados a dos zonas básicas de salud, así como describir su perfil según las variables analizadas. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Emplazamiento. Centros educativos correspondientes a dos zonas básicas de salud de Madrid. Participantes. Adolescentes que cursaban tercero y cuarto de ESO durante el curso lectivo 2021-2022. Variables. Nivel de soledad medido por la escala DJGLS (0-11 puntos) y variables sociodemográficas y de ocio. Resultados. Un 47,1% de los participantes manifiesta que se siente solo con una intensidad moderada, mientras que el 6,51% manifiestan sufrir soledad extrema y un 11,3% soledad severa. Un 34,9% de los participantes no sufre soledad. Conclusiones. Nuestros resultados ponen de relieve que la soledad no deseada es un problema que afecta a adolescentes, siendo esto importante para el desarrollo de políticas de salud e intervenciones adaptadas a este momento del ciclo vital. Palabras clave: Atención Primaria, soledad, adolescentes, salud mental, determinantes sociales de la salud.
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