This paper presents the results of a petrographic and diagenetic study of the laminated limestones of the upper part of the Aptian to Albian Crato Formation, northeast of Brazil. The applied techniques were optical microscopy, cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to a wavelength-dispersive spectrometer (WDS). Petrographic analysis has revealed that most of the laminated limestones are calcilutites with a dominance of a micritic matrix, indicating a low-energy depositional environment. Microstructures such as microfaults, microfractures, microslumps, and loop bedding were observed. Based on textural, structural and paleontological features, seven microfacies were recognized: massive limestone, limestone with parallel laminations, limestone with undulated laminations, limestone with slumps, limestone with loop bedding, limestone with ostracods and limestone with peloids. In addition, the processes of cementation, dissolution, replacement, recrystallization and compaction, which are related to different diagenetic stages, were also recognized. The diagenetic constituents found in the sections include calcite, pyrite, silica and sulfates. We can conclude that a large part of the microstructures (microfaults, microfractures, microslumps and loop bedding) can be related to local seismicity, probably due to the reactivation of the Patos Shear Zone. The diagenetic constituents indicate an early to late diagenesis (eogenetic, mesogenetic and telogenetic stage).
This work presents a geological 1:50.000 mapping survey for the Rio Tinto region, located in the coastal zone of Paraíba Basin, Miriri Sub-bacia. The mapping was supported by interpretation of satellite imagery, analysis of well lithologs, thin sections, and morphometric patterns. Basement rocks outcrops in approximately 10% of the study area, represented by Neoproterozoic granitoids. About 90% of the region is covered by Miocene-Pleistocene deposits and Quaternary sediments of the Barreiras, post-Barreiras formations, and coastal sandy and mangrove sediments, Pleistocene terraces, and Holocene eluvial-colluvial sediments. Analysis of cartography data and radar images showed that the relief is dominated by small plateaus and valleys formed by the Quaternary erosion of Barreiras Formation deposits, controlled by reactivation of the structural framework of the coastal zone. The Mamanguape River follows the homonymous fault, which trends ENE-WSW. The secondary drainage is also controlled by faults trending ENE-WSW, NW-SE, and N-S. Correlation of lithologs showed the occurrence of grabens and horsts formed during the late structural evolution of the coastal zone of the basin.
RESUMO A Bacia de Jatobá, juntamente com a Sub-bacia de Tucano Norte, representam a extremidade setentrional do Sistema Rifte Recôncavo-Tucano-Jatobá, que possui direção geral N-S até a altura do Rio São Francisco, onde sofre uma inflexão para E-NE. Ao contrário das bacias da margem continental que evoluíram ao estágio de margem passiva, as Bacias Recôncavo, Tucano e Jatobá, constituem um ramo do Rifte Sul-Atlântico abortado no Eoaptiano. A Formação São Sebastião está inserida no estágio rifte da Bacia de Jatobá. Possui uma fácies fluvial que é composta por arenitos finos a grossos, por vezes conglomeráticos e, localmente, níveis seixosos. Os perfis estratigráficos realizados nesta fácies e a associação de fácies ressaltam suas características de composição e estruturas. A fácies eólica apresenta uma característica marcante como a sua bimodalidade no tamanho dos grãos de quartzo. Além disso, as estratificações cruzadas de alto ângulo corroboram a definição de ambiente eólico. São arenitos finos, às vezes médios, bem selecionados e variando de esbranquiçados a amarelados. Portanto, esta unidade é caracterizada como um sistema fluvial entrelaçado de alta energia que, posteriormente, passa por um retrabalhamento eólico.
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