RESUMENIntroducción: Los procesos de aprendizaje son técnicas de estudio utilizadas por los estudiantes con el objeto de lograr la excelencia académica. Las aptitudes vocacionales engloban aquellos ejes referentes a distintas profesiones en las que los estudiantes pueden desempeñarse. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transverso, con muestreo no probabilístico a criterio realizado en estudiantes del Colegio Nacional "Santa Rosa", del Departamento de San Pedro, matriculados en la educación media. Resultados: 58,7% fueron mujeres. Edad media fue de 17±1 años. Las aptitudes vocacionales con más respuestas positivas fueron aquellas del eje de servicio social, seguido por el eje científico. En cuanto a los procesos de aprendizaje, se encontró que los estudiantes se sienten bastante conformes con su técnica y lugar de estudio. Los problemas principales en su proceso de aprendizaje se encontraron en su estado físico y su plan de trabajo. Discusión: Se deben estudiar las aptitudes vocacionales que tienen los estudiantes de secundaria para ayudarlos y guiarlos en el proceso de selección de una futura carrera, así como para detectar precozmente problemas de aprendizaje, evitando así el bajo rendimiento académico y el abandono de la carrera. An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) / Vol. 50 -Nº 1, 2017 18 ABSTRACT Introduction: Learning processes are study techniques used by students in order to achieve academic excellence. Vocational skills encompass those axes related to different professions in which students can perform. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive and crosssectional study, with non-probabilistic and at criterion sampling, of students of the "Santa Rosa" National School, Department of San Pedro, enrolled in secondary education. Results: 58.7% were women. Mean age was 17±1 years. The vocational skills with the most positive responses were those of the social service axis, followed by the scientific axis. In terms of learning processes, students were found to be quite comfortable with their technique and place of study. The main problems in their learning process were found in their physical state and in their work plan. Discussion: The vocational skills of high school students have to be evaluated to help and guide them in the process of selecting a future career, as well as to detect early learning problems, in order to avoid poor academic performance and dropping out of the career.
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