Characteristic of chemical constituent and antibacterial property from Etlingera elatior fruit have been carried out. Essential oil of plant was extracted using steam and water distillation and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil was done through disc diffusion method against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Percentage yield of essential oil was about 0,09% (v/w). The GC-MS profile revealed that E. elatior contained 35 compounds where 1-dodecanol, dodecanal and trans-caryophyllene were predicted to be main components. The oil showed activity against B. Cereus, S. Aureus, E. Coli, and P. aeruginosa with zone of inhibition were about 25, 15.2, 11.67 and 12.33 mm respectively.
The purpose of this study is to determine the customer’s purchasing decision toward the product that directly influenced by the price variable, promotion variable and place variable, included analyzing the policy of price decision, promotion implementation and how important the place to decide customer’s purchasing decision. The method used in his study is survey method using Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyzing technique through AMOS application. The result of the study shows that the price influenced the purchasing decision making as (CR) 2,399 > 1,96, and the promotion influenced the purchasing decision making as (CR) 3,493 > 1,96, and the place did not influence the purchasing decision making as (CR) -1,089 < 1,96.
Edible films is a thin layer that can be eaten directly with the food it is coated with and is biodegradable, so it is used as an alternative to plastic packaging. The components of the edible film consist of hydrocolloids (proteins and polysaccharides), lipids (fatty acids), and composites (a combination of hydrocolloids and lipids). The physical characteristics of edible films that are commonly used are thickness, tensile strength, elongation percentage, water vapor transmission rate and solubility. Several studies have shown that the addition of beeswax to gelatin and nanochitosan edible films can produce films with good physical characteristics. The addition of a greater concentration of beeswax can increase the thickness value and decrease the value of the water vapor transmission rate and water solubility of the edible film.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolisme kronis yang disebabkan oleh banyak faktor yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula darah sebagai akibat dari gangguan fungsi insulin. Diabetes merupakan penyakit kronis yang kompleks dan memerlukan perawatan medis berkelanjutan dengan strategi pengurangan risiko multi-faktor diluar kendali glikemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas progressive muscle relaxation dalam mengatasi kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 berdasarkan literature review. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literature review, dengan kriteria literature Diabetes Melitus tipe 2, Kadar Gula Darah, Progressive Muscle Relaxation. Hasil dari kelima jurnal menunjukkan bahwa penerapan progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 efektif dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah dengan hasil p-value <0,05. Jurnal 1 menggunakan uji T (dependent dan independent sample t-test), jurnal 2 menggunakan uji T, jurnal 3 menggunakan uji paired t-test, jurnal 4 menggunakan uji T, dan jurnal 5 menggunakan uji paired t-test. PMR dapat menurunkan gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus dengan memunculkan kondisi rileks. Perubahan implus saraf pada jalur aferen ke otak dimana aktivitas menjadi inhibis, yang menyebabkan perasaan tenang baik fisik maupun mental seperti berkurangnya denyut jantung, menurunkan kecepatan metabolisme tubuh yang dapat mencegah peningkatan gula darah.
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