Worldwide, prostate cancer incidence and mortality vary significantly between countries and regions and are highest in African American men. In the USA, prostate cancer is the most common visceral malignant neoplasm in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Bilateral orchidectomy with or without hormonal therapy are the main treatment options for patients with advanced prostate carcinoma. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of orchidectomy alone and orchidectomy plus flutamide in treating patients with advanced carcinoma of prostate. The study was conducted from June 2006 to March 2010. Thirty six patients were included in the study. The inclusion criteria were histologically documented carcinoma prostate along with distant metastasis (stage D2). Following orchidectomy, the patients were stratified into two groups. Group I had patients treated with orchidectomy alone (17 patients) and Group II those treated with orchidectomy plus flutamide therapy (19 patients). Follow up of patients was done for the next two years following initiation of therapy.The maximum percentage change in PSA was found in the first three months after orchidectomy. The mean percentage change at two years, in the two groups was 65% and 62% respectively. Based on the evaluation of response, there was no significant difference in response rate between the two treatment groups.In conclusion, addition of antiandrogen like flutamide to orchidectomy has not given any significant benefit to effect the PSA changes as well the survival in advanced carcinoma of prostate. Hence, routine use of additional antiandrogen to orchidectomy is not advisable.
Background
When coming to discuss urinary stone disease in children, it seems that there are so many differences regarding etiology, incidence and the course of the disease as compared to adults. The introduction of semi rigid small caliber ureteroscopes and lithotripsy modalities using pneumatic and lithotripsy holmium: yttrium aluminum- garnet ( Ho: YAG ) laser lithotripsy has improved the success rate and decreased the incidence of complications of treatment of ureteric calculi. The aim of this study is to compare the use of Ho: YAG and pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteric stones in children in our center.
Materials and methods
This is a prospective study that included 100 patients presenting with ureteric stones for the period from March 2020 to April 2022. The patients were randomized into two groups; group I included 49 patients with ureteric stones who were treated with means of Ho: YAG laser lithotripsy and group II included 51 patients with ureteric stones who were treated with of pneumatic lithotripsy. The outcome of the study was to evaluate the success of fragmentation and development of complications. Statistical analysis was achieved by chi square test and t test was used with a p value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results
Fifty seven stones were treated by laser while 50 stones treated by pneumatic lithotripsy. The success rate of fragmentation was higher in the laser group with a significant difference (P value 0.032).The study showed a lower rate of complications among the patients treated with laser lithotripter.
Conclusion
Laser lithotripsy is an effective and safe method for treating ureteric stones in children. It looks that it is more effective in stone fragmentation and having less complication rate than pneumatic lithotripsy.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to have an accurate estimate about the sexual function of sickle cell disease adult men with previous history of recurrent attacks of ischemic priapism in childhood. We assessed the studies for their precise documentation for the erectile function in this group of patients. Materials and methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature by querying PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane. We included original studies on adult patients with sickle cell disease and history of ischemic priapism. Results: We identified 15,057 publications, of which 10 met the study inclusion criteria. The incidence of erectile dysfunction was reported up to 69.20% in one study. Conclusion: More extended prospective studies are required as multicenter studies to find the exact incidence of erectile dysfunction in men with sickle cell disease and priapism. Level of evidence: Level of evidence is not applicable for this systematic review.
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common bothersome association with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). The relationship between erectile dysfunction(ED) and LUTS/ BPE has been studied in the Multinational Survey of the Aging Male and in several epidemiologic studies, suggesting that the two diseases may share a common pathophysiology. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of use of tadalafil monotherapy in improving LUTS in patients with symptomatic BPE. Sixty patients aged more than 50 years with symptomatic BPE with LUTS more than 6 months were included from January 2013 to May 2015. These patients were assessed for their International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) which was ≥7 and maximum urinary flow rate (Q max) which was >10 and < 20 ml/s. Patients were given tadalafil tablet 5 mg once daily without other therapy. The treatment was continued for three months and the patients were asked to come back for follow up each four weeks. Among the 60 patients, 50 (83.3%) showed significant improvement in their IPSS by achieving ≥3-points total IPSS improvement in symptoms. There was also significant improvement in the maximum urinary flow rate. The end point was at 12 weeks. It is concluded that, Tadalafil 5 mg once daily can be considered as an option for relieving LUTS in patients with symptomatic BPE.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.