As universities move towards more vocationally oriented courses, students expect pedagogic practices that make closer ties to potential workplaces. The pedagogical approach of authentic learning is well suited to this purpose as it proposes an apprenticeship-type model and a model that brings simulated work tasks into the classroom. In the social sciences, authentic learning is under-utilised and under-theorised as these subject areas do not fit easily into these models. An alternative model of authentic learning aims to offer students opportunities to .enmind. the requirements of a discipline, be critically reflective about that discipline, and to develop the skills to bring the discipline into their subjective experience. Using this model for authentic learning as a starting point, the authors have examined the applicability of authentic learning to the social sciences, derived relevant design principles and applied these to produce a learning design for a sociology subject that can be tested and critiqued. The purpose of this paper is to present this learning design as a starting point for discussion about a new form of authentic learning.
Some Australian Aboriginal communities experience suicide rates that are among the highest in the world. They are also, however, avid social media users—approximately 20% higher than the national average. This article presents some preliminary findings from a current national study, funded by the Australian Research Council, titled Aboriginal identity and community online: a sociological exploration of Aboriginal peoples’ use of online social media. The purpose of the study is to gain insights into how Aboriginal peoples utilise and interact on social media, and how these technologies can assist with suicide prevention strategies. It found that Aboriginal people are engaging with Facebook to both seek and offer help for issues relating to suicide and self-harm. An existing continuum of suicide prevention strategies was evident—from light emotional support to direct suicide intervention involving health services. These strategies can be leveraged to implement effective and appropriate suicide prevention programs.
Past models and tools that support in the decision making process based on Asset Management Principles (AMP) are lacking in terms of the effective outcomes and transparency of the process in the highway maintenance. There is also little research on how to align the decision areas when applying AMP and how to improve the inclusive effectiveness. Hence, the paper focuses on examining the challenges and prospects of applying AMP in a highway maintenance agency or department. An exploratory research method was used through an extensive review of literature and an industry survey. The findings from the literature and case study review were used to design a questionnaire and conduct the survey. The survey results revealed that the AMP are only being implemented ineffectively in maintaining highways, and a strong commitment is required to improve the asset management capability for effective use of the asset data. It is highly recommended that the Highway Agency should issue a guideline for implementing asset management policy and also encourage associate departments to achieve asset management maturity level 3 so that ISO55000 certification can be achieved. The study concludes that there is still substantial work needed within the asset management process, particularly in highway maintenance before its effectiveness can be realised and measured.
9Although Oil and Gas Pipelines (OGPs) are a safe and economical mode of transportation of 10 petroleum products around the world, they face challenges caused by risk factors including 11 safety, security, design, construction and operational risks due to Third Party Disruption (TPD) 12 and acts of terrorism, particularly in developing and unstable countries like Iraq. A lack of 13 knowledge about managing such risks and the scarcity of past data about pipeline failures, are 14 hindering OGP risk management systems. This paper, therefore, focuses on identifying and 15 analyzing the risks caused by TDP in order to develop a holistic Risk Management Model 16 (RMM). A semi-structured questionnaire was designed, using 30 risk factors identified through 17 a comprehensive literature review, distributed to OGP stakeholders in Iraq, via an online survey 18 tool, to collect the research data. SPSS was used to analyze the data and evaluate risk factors 19 which were ranked in order of probability and severity level using a risk index method. A 20 conceptual framework for the RMM is presented, based on the literature review and survey 21 findings. The results reveal that terrorism, sabotage and theft are the most critical safety risks, 22 official corruption and lawlessness the most influential factors for regulatory risks. Pipeline 23 location "Hot-Zones" also have a serious impact on the failure of pipelines. A computer-based 24 risk management model will be developed at the next stage of the study using the RMM and 25 the results of the numerical risk analysis. 26 27 Keywords-Pipelines; risk evaluation; risk management model; safety risk and third-party 28 disruption. 29 2 1. Introduction 30 Oil and gas pipelines (OGPs) are considered a safe and economical mode of petroleum product 31 transportation, however they are subject to a range of hazards and accidental damage that have 32 severe consequences on projects and people's lives. Long-distance pipelines mainly suffer 33 from mechanical, operational and natural hazards [1], design flaws, misuse, corrosion damage 34 and third-party disruption (TPD) [2]. Muhlbauer [3] defines TPD as any individual or group 35 action that obstructs the functionality of the infrastructures' systems in any direct or indirect 36 manner. Peng et al. [4] add any action that accidentally damages OGPs, such as human error, 37 natural phenomena, soil movement (e.g. foundation collapse, landslides, floods and mudslides), 38and surface loads as a result of illegal building, blast construction and live ground loads that 39 compress pipelines. In this paper, TPD refers to all individual and group actions that result in 40 expected or unexpected pipeline damage, at any stage of the pipeline project. At the present 41 time, globally insecure situations are adding more cause for concern and potentially serious 42 consequences to OGP projects. This is especially the case in countries with low levels of 43 security where OGPs often suffer malicious terrorist attacks. Such hazardous environment...
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