A multifunctional smart supramolecular platform based on a lanthanide-organic hydrogel is presented. This platform, which provides unique biocompatibility and tunable optical properties, is synthesized by a simple, fast, and reproducible eco-friendly microwave-assisted route. Photoluminescent properties enable the production of coated light-emitting diodes (LED), unique luminescent barcodes dependent on the excitation wavelength and thin-films for use in tamper seals. Moreover, piroxicam entrapped in hydrogel acts as a transdermal drug release device efficient in inhibiting edemas as compared to a commercial reference.
The metal–organic framework
(MOF) [Eu(DPA)(HDPA)] (where
DPA is dipicolinic acid) has been previously reported as an efficient
marker for gunshot residues (GSRs). Since this marker will be in contact
with various shooters, industrial workers, and the environment, however,
it is important to identify its toxicity. In this work, the oral and
the inhalation acute toxicities of the MOF [Eu(DPA)(HDPA)] (also called
R-Marker) were evaluated in young Wistar rats using Guidelines 423
(oral) and 436 (inhalation) from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development (OECD). Animal behavior; body weight, water, and food
intake; and organ weight, as well as biochemical parameters were evaluated
in both evaluations. For the inhalation test, a concentration of 1
mg·Lair
–1·(4 h–1) was reached in a whole-body inhalation chamber. When the respiratory
tract was analyzed, it was observed that part of the marker had been
swallowed instead of inhaled by the animal. For the oral test, the
highest administrated dose was 2000 mg/kg with no sign of toxicity.
This marker has been classified in the least toxic category of the
Globally Harmonized System (GHS; category 5), with an oral median
lethal dose (LD50) of 5000 mg/kg. After the oral administration,
the feces of the animals were collected using a metabolic cage. Luminescent
feces were present up to 24 h after administration, indicating that
the marker had been excreted by the organism without causing intoxication.
This study has opened perspectives for drug delivery and toxicity
studies, since it enables visual detection of the marker.
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