Objective: The purpose of this study was to calculate the prospective risk of fetal death in monochorionic-diamniotic twins. Study design: We evaluated 193 monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies that were followed and delivered after 24 weeks. Surveillance included cardiotocography and sonography performed at least once weekly. The prospective risk of fetal death was calculated as the total number of deaths at the beginning of the gestational period divided by the number of continuing pregnancies at or beyond that period. Results: The fetal death rate was 5 of 193 pregnancies (2.6%; 95% CI, 1.1, 5.9); the prospective risk of stillbirth per pregnancy after 32 weeks of gestation was 1.2% (95% CI, 0.3% -4.2%). Conclusion: Under intensive surveillance, the prospective risk of fetal death in monochorionicdiamniotic pregnancies after 32 weeks of gestation is much lower than reported and does not support a policy of elective preterm delivery. Ó 2006 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.Monochorionic twins, comprising approximately 20% of all spontaneous twins and nearly 5% of iatrogenic twins, 1 are at a substantial higher risk of perinatal morbidity and death than their bichorionic counterparts.2-4 This risk is attributed to the inherent pathologic condition that is associated with delayed zygotic splitting that leads to the increased prevalence of fetal and placental malformations. However, in monochorionicdiamniotic pregnancies, the precise cause of the high rate of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies that are not complicated by congenital anomalies, twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), and/or growth restriction is not clear.Evidently, not all monochorionic twin pregnancies are complicated a priori. A recent analysis of a large cohort of 455 monochorionic twins showed that 181 (39.8%) twin pairs were considered ''uncomplicated'' (ie, without signs of TTTS and exhibiting appropriate and concordant growth in each of the structurally normal twins). 5 This subset of ''uncomplicated'' monochorionic twins, however, was found to be at a considerable excess
Cervical cancer in pregnancy is a clinical challenge. Once the diagnosis, the stage and the extent of invasive cervical cancer have been established, a multidisciplinary approach is required. Decisions regarding timing of treatment and delivery require careful considerations, as well as the trimester in which the diagnosis is made. Delaying definitive treatment to improve fetal outcome, may carry an additional risk of tumor progression, although a delay in definitive treatment is regarded as feasible. Delayed treatment is safe in patients with small sized, early stage disease, if there is no evidence of disease progression. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy during pregnancy is still controversial. Cesarean delivery followed by radical hysterectomy is recommended. The effect of cervical cancer on pregnancy outcome is still not clear.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.