The importance of the transport sector for the national economy is given by its impact on growth, employment and sustainable development. The transport sector corresponds to the volume of goods exported or imported. According to EU data, transport and storage costs ma y account for up to 15% of the value of a finished product. Competitive maritime transport can provide many benefits for both the national and local economy. Port activity is complementary to maritime transport and involves the development of services related to transport. In Romania, the involvement of the private sector in water transport activities is confirmed by the over 200 active enterprises in 2017. The present paper highlights the place and role of the water transport sector for the national, regional and local economy by considering the importance of Romania on the map of European trade and the EU transport network.
Globalization and increased free trade between continents have led to the need to adapt port management to changes and opportunities that occurred. Ports under public administration have had to identify strategies to deal with more aggressive regional or international competition. The opinion of governments of developing countries about improving port performance is more involvement of the private sector. Therefore, countries have understood the need to change over ports administration system from the "public interest" into "public/private interest" category. This paper attempts to highlight the importance of structural reform in the ports due to national markets open up to international trade and the need to integrate the port into the local or regional logistic chain.
Starting from the fact that over 80% of the global freight transport is using seas and oceans, it’s interesting to know how is splitting the inland freight transport on rail, road and inland waterways. Inland freight transport is dominated by road transport but attempts are being made, by various means, to increase the share of rail and inland waterway transport. The objectives proposed by EU for limiting greenhouse gas emissions require using of less polluting means of transport. The transformations in logistics chains cause by Industry 4.0 impose permanent adaptations of the transport modalities to the market requirements. The present paper proposes an analysis of the share of inland transport modes in the case of Romania and the influence of different factors for each mode of transport.
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