Introductionin Ethiopia, 20,000 women die each year from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth with much more maternal morbidity occurring for each maternal death. Good knowledge of women related with direct causes of maternal mortality is important in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess knowledge of direct obstetric causes of maternal mortality and associated factors among reproductive age of women in Aneded woreda, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using multi-stage sampling followed by simple random sampling technique. The study was conducted in Aneded woreda, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 844 reproductive age women were included in the study. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews by 12 data collectors. Data was cleaned, coded and entered into Epi-data, then exported and analyzed using SPSS software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were computed to identify factors related to knowledge of obstetric causes of maternal mortality. The crude and adjusted odds ratios together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed. A P-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultsThis study found that almost half (49.6%) of respondents have good knowledge level towards obstetric causes of maternal mortality. Significant variables associated with knowledge towards obstetric causes of maternal mortality were; being government employee (AOR=3.6, 95% CI=1.4-8.9), respondents who had additional monthly income from family members (AOR=1.54, 95% CI=1.04-2.27), respondents who attended primary school and above (AOR=1.6, 95% CI=1.13-2.25), distance of health facility in which the time it took less than 20 minutes (AOR=2.25, 95% CI(1.24-4.09), 20-39minutes (AOR=3.06, 95% CI=1.66-5.64), 40-60 minutes (AOR=2.38, 95% CI=1.52-5.26), and previous history of prolonged labor (AOR=1.4, 95% CI=1.04 -2.03) were the significant variables.ConclusionThis study indicated that the reproductive age women in the study area had poor knowledge towards about obstetric causes of maternal mortality. Therefore, to improve maternal knowledge and thereby reduce maternal death, the identified significant factors should be addressed through maternal and child health services. Designing appropriate strategies including the provision of targeted information, education, and communication is important.

Diabetes Mellitus which is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome secondary to defects in insulin secretions recognized as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus is a prerequisite for individuals and communities to take action for control the diabetes, but there is inadequate knowledge and poor practice level on insulin self-administration among Diabetes Mellitus patients. To assess the knowledge, Attitude and practice of self-insulin administration and associated factors among diabetic patient in Hawassa referral hospital. Institutional based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 180 diabetic patients by systematic random sampling technique, in Hawassa referral hospital. Structured and pre tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. The collected data was processed and analyzed using manual and computer software. Chi square test was done between two variables and P-value less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. A total of 180 people were included in the study of which the majority 107(59%) were men and in the age group of 35-44 years (23.9%).One hundred twenty-seven (70.6%) of the participant were married followed by single 40(22.2%).As to their occupation government employee accounts (25%) and above half (52.8%) of the respondents gets >1200 birr per month. One hundred twenty eight (71.1%) participants had favorable attitude. Literacy and marital status were significantly associated with good knowledge with p-value of 0.001, 0.011 and x2= 10.401, 6.467 respectively. The current study was identified the gap in knowledge regarding diabetes. The gap might be due to high illiteracy rate of the study participants, less devoted time by physicians to the patients, and less participation of media and Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) in awareness creation about diabetes in our setting.

Background: In developing countries, a significant number of maternal deaths are attributable to the complications of obstructed labor. Identifying women at risk for Cephalopelvic Disproportion (CPD) prepares physicians for on time treatment and enables them to minimize maternal-fetal trauma that accompanies this midwifery emergency. The study aims to identify diagnostic accuracy of maternal age and anthropometric measurements to predict CPD among Primigravidae women visiting Addis Ababa Governmental Hospital. Methods: Hospital based prospective cohort study was carried out at Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa. The sample size was 384 mothers. Five hospitals were selected from Addis Ababa governmental hospitals by using simple random sampling (lottery method). Data was entered into EPI data version 3.3 and analyzed using SPSS version 23 statistical package. Results: The current study shows as the most predictive variable is maternal height with Positive Predictive Value percentage of 64.9, sensitivity of 85.4% and specificity of 96.4% followed by Michaelis rhomboid transverse diameter with Positive Predictive Value of 14.8%, sensitivity of 51.3%, and specificity of 89.4%. Conclusions: Age and maternal anthropometric measurements can predict CPD to some extent. Combining some of maternal anthropometric measurements with each other enhances the predictive value to a relatively modest degree. In this study when height is combined with other anthropometric measurements it doesn't show increment in predictive value.

Background: Every year, 10.9 million people die around the world. More than two-thirds of deaths were associated with inappropriate feeding practices. Within the first three days after birth, nearly two out of every five newborns are given fluids other than breast milk. The aim of this study was to assess the determinants of pre-lacteal feeding practice in Ethiopia among mothers who had a live birth child under the age of 24 months. Methods: Secondary data from Ethiopia's 2019 Mini Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) were used. A stratified, two-stage cluster sampling method was employed in the MDHS. A total of 8,885 reproductive-age women were interviewed in the survey, but only 2,061 women with a live birth child under the age of two years were included. Our study focused on the details obtained for these 2,061 women. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with pre-lacteal feeding practices among them. A Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to check the model fitness and a multicollinearity test was used to diagnosis collinearity between independent variables. Results: The results revealed that 12.1% (95%CI; 10.30%, 13.9%) of the women practiced pre-lacteal feeding. Mothers who lived in pastoralist regions (AOR:3.2; 95%CI: 1.5-6.84), who hadn’t attended antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR:3.83; 95%CI: 1.55-6.27), who had attended 1-3 visits (AOR:1.65; 95%CI: 1.15-3.94), who delivered at home (AOR:1.72, 95%CI: 1.20-2.43), those who delivered by Caesarean section (AOR:3.72; 95%CI: 2.32-5.96), mothers who started breastfeeding after one hour (AOR:4.41; 95%CI: 3.23-6.02) were identified as the groups most associated with pre-lacteal feeding. Conclusions: Pre-lacteal feeding was practiced by a significant number of women in this study. Living in a pastoralist region, attending 1-3 ANC visits, home delivery, caesarean section delivery, and late initiation of breastfeeding were the determinant factors of prelacteal feeding among the women.