The growing use of robots in urban environments has raised concerns about potential safety hazards, especially in public spaces where humans and robots may interact. In this paper, we present a system for safe human-robot interaction that combines an infrared (IR) camera with a wearable marker and airflow potential field. IR cameras enable real-time detection and tracking of humans in challenging environments, while controlled airflow creates a physical barrier that guides humans away from dangerous proximity to robots without the need for wearable devices. A preliminary experiment was conducted to measure the accuracy of the perception of safety barriers rendered by controlled air pressure. In a second experiment, we evaluated our approach in an imitation scenario of an interaction between an inattentive person and an autonomous robotic system. Experimental results show that the proposed system significantly improves a participant's ability to maintain a safe distance from the operating robot compared to trials without the system.
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different nitrogen rates on the yield and malt barley quality parameters of two malting barley varieties (Holker and miskal-21). The experiment was carried out during 2013 cropping season at three locations, namely Ebnat, Estie and Farta. The following nitrogen rates were applied: 0, 60, 120and 180 kg ha-1 and a factorial experiment arranged in RCBD was applied to conduct the research. The result of this study indicated that nitrogen significantly increased the grain yield (648.2 to 1657.4and 666.7 to 1851.8 kg ha-1for Holker and Miskal-21 respectively). Malt quality was decreased by increasing nitrogen rates (1.28 to 2.34%). Apart from nitrogen rates, the varieties also affected the yield and nature of the protein content levels. As indicated in this result Holker variety gave optimum grain yield and lowest protein content, therefore, this variety is advisable to be used by malt brewers to satisfy their requirements. The optimal malt quality and yield was achieved by applying between 60-120 kg N ha-1 beyond this rate, grain yield might be significantly increased but malt qualities at the same time significantly decreased therefore it is recommended to obtain optimum yield as well as high malt qualities.
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