Highlight: Smoking raises the risk of cardiovascular disease, which can lead to stroke. A total of 33 stroke patients were selected from 579 samples. The results show some tendencies. The tendency of stroke patients with a history of activity to smoke can be explained for a number of reasons. ABSTRACT Introduction: Smoking is a habit of Indonesian society and can be found in many places. Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular problems, which can lead to stroke. Objective: Provides an overview of stroke patients who smoke from January to December 2020. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive research used medical records and extra data from telephone interviews with patients. A non-probability purposive sampling strategy with a total sampling method is used in this investigation. The observed variables include age, gender, number of cigarettes consumed per day, length of smoking history, type of stroke, and comorbidity. Results: The sample consisted of 33 participants chosen among 579 stroke patients. The age range of 56–65 (39.4%) was found to be the most prevalent in the 33 samples, and the sex group was dominated by men (100%). Then, for the smoking habit, the highest number of cigarettes consumed per day was dominated by the group of 9-16 cigarettes per day (45.46%). The group dominates the long smoking history with a smoking history of 30-50 years (42.43%). Ischemic stroke, also known as cerebral infarction, was the most common type (78.79%) among the samples. Of the 33 samples of stroke patients who smoked, 4 (12.12%) experienced comorbidities, including coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and essential thrombocytosis. Conclusion: Several factors describe the tendency of stroke patients with a smoking history.
Pendahuluan: Spastisitas adalah gangguan motorik yang sering dijumpai dan muncul setelah stroke. Spastisitas dapat menyebabkan nyeri dan disabililitas pada bagian tubuh yang mengalaminya. Tujuan: mencari hubungan antara rasio H/M yang diukur dengan elektromiografi dengan derajad spastisitas yang terjadi setelah fase akut stroke. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah studi analisis korelatif observasional, dengan 26 sampel. Pasien diukur rasio H/M pada saat stroke akut dan diukur derajad spastisitasnya dengan menggunakan Modified Ashworth Scale setelah 3 bulan. Hasil yang didapatkan dilakukan analisa statistik dengan menggunakan tes korelatif kategorik dari Spearman. Hasil: Pasien yang mengikuti penelitian ini sebanyak 26 orang. Terdapat perbedaaan antara nilai H/M rasio antara sisi parese dengan sisi sehat dan tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara nilai rasio H/M yang diukur saat fase akut stroke dengan derajad spastisitas yang diukur dengan Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) setelah 3 bulan (p = 0,06 ; r = 0, 37). Kesimpulan: Rasio H/M pada pasien stroke akut meningkat pada sisi parese dibanding pada sisi sehat, namun peningkatan ini tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan derajad spastisitas pasca stroke yang diukur dengan MAS, sehingga rasio H/M tidak dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor munculnya spastisitas pasca stroke
The COVID-19 pandemic requires students to adapt to circumstances and cause various kinds of psychological problems during a pandemic outbreak. Some may experience stress, insomnia or hypersomnia. There are many factors causing poor sleep quality in students, including psychological problems such as stress which can worsen the quality of student’s sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to prove that there is a relationship between stress and the sleep quality of medical students at Airlangga University during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is an observational analytic study using the cross-sectional design to assess the relationship between stress and sleep quality of respondents using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale - 42 (DASS-42) questionnaires. The research subjects were active pre-clinical students in the medical study program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, totaling 280 students who were divided into 3 batches, namely Class of 2019, Class of 2020, and Class of 2021. From the results of the study, it was found that 84.7% of students experienced poor sleep quality and a normal stress level of 55.5%. Sleep quality and stress levels are related to each other. This is proven by the Spearman rank analysis, which shows sleep quality is related to the stress level with a p-value = 0.000 and rho = 0.230. Based on these results, it was concluded that sleep quality and stress level have a positive correlation.
Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and especially in Indonesia. Several studies showed the pleiotropic and neuroprotective effect of simvastatin in addition to lowering blood cholesterol levels. Objective: This trial was conducted to investigate if the administration of simvastatin in acute ischemic stroke management can improve functional outcomes. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of simvastatin was conducted in patients with acute ischemic stroke with an NIHSS score of 4-14. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 40 mg of simvastatin or placebo for seven days. The NIHSS scale was compared on admission day, 4th and 8th day after administration of simvastatin between the two groups. Results: 52 individuals were randomized: 28 to simvastatin and 24 to placebo. There was no significant improvement of functional outcome between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Administration of simvastatin had no significant effect on outcome (measured by NIHSS) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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