2019 yılının başından itibaren tüm dünyayı sarsan COVID-19 salgınının hızla yayılarak pandemiye dönüşmesinin ardından alınacak önlemler ve yapılacak çalışmaların ne denli önemli olduğu görüldü. Günümüz teknolojisi olan yapay zekadan sağlık ile ilgili konularda başta pandemi olmak üzere nasıl yararlanılabileceği tartışıldı. Yapay zekanın bu çalışmalarda bazı kısıtlamaları olmasına rağmen sağlayacağı yararların; sosyal ve ekonomik zararları minimumda tutan, öngörüsü yüksek, temel sağlık hizmetlerini destekleyici politikalar yürütülmesine de olanak sağlayacağı vurgulandı.
The technological advancements of this era made the use of Internet an essential part of our lives. It is known that the Internet is used for social media applications at most. It is thought that the use of social media has increased with the effect of decreasing face-to-face socialization due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the period, in which the present study was carried out. The use of social media plays an important role in the socialization and the development of belongingness and self-esteem in online groups but it also brings several threats with it. One of these threats is cyberostracism, which is defined as not belonging to a group in social media, being ignored, and being ostracized. The present study is a cross-sectional one carried out with students studying in the Medical Faculty of Eskişehir Osmangazi University in educational year of 2020-2021. Ethics committee approval was obtained. The study group involved 1092 students. Making use of the literature, a questionnaire form was prepared. The questionnaire was filled out online by students. The data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test, Spearman's Correlation Analysis, and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. 593 (54.3%) of the students were female. Their ages were ranging between 17 and 27 years and the mean age was found to be 21.6±2.0 years. The scores in the cyberostracism scale range between 14 and 70 points and the mean score was 24.8±9.9 points. The social media applications used most during the day were Instagram, WhatsApp, and YouTube. In advanced analyses, character type, family type, devoting time for hobbies during the day, face-to-face communication with friends, behaviors of parents towards the participant, age of the first use of a smartphone, time of smartphone use in a day, and creating a social media membership by concealing the identity were found to be the predictors of cyberostracism. A negative relationship was found between students' level of cyberostracism and self-esteem. The increase in the use of internet and social media applications also brought the concept of "digital health" forward. This subject is important for public health. It is recommended to develop intervention programs in order to protect from the harmful effects of social media and decrease cyberostracism.
Background The climate change, conflicts, mass migrations and global epidemics happening in today's world shows that it's necessary for the communities to implement public health decisions. In this context, the degree of obtaining and complying with the information required for individuals to process, understand and evaluate public health decisions has revealed the concept of public health literacy. The aim of the study was to determine the public health literacy (PHL) levels in adults applying for health care. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 1672 adults who applied for primary health care in Eskişehir in 2019. Public Health Literacy Knowledge Scale (PHLKS) which is created with a WHO initiative was used to assess the PHL levels. The scores that can be obtained from this scale ranges from 0 to 17 and higher score implies higher literacy levels. In the study group, Cronbach's alpha value was 0.72 for the PHLKS. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the variables that affect PHLKS score. Results In the study group; 924 (55.3%) were male, 399 (23.9%) were living in a rural area, their ages ranged from 18 to 87 and the mean age was 40.94 ± 15.22. The median score from the PHLKS was 13.0 and mean score was 12.38 ± 2.99. Among the participants, 27.8% of them had a correct response rate of ≥ 90% for the items of the scale. Variables related to PHLKS were found to be high level of education, to exercise regularly and to perceive the general health status as good (F = 28.869, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.161). Education level was the most important variable related with PHL level (Standardized β coefficient: 0.34 95% CI: 0.28-0.39). Conclusions PHL levels of the participants was thought to be moderate. Education level and the lifestyle choices were related to PHL. Key messages It was thought that new and improved tools to measure public health literacy levels are needed. Societies should improve their education levels and invest in health education programs for more effective public health interventions.
Objective: The aim of this study is to physicians attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: Our research is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted between January 4th and February 26th, 2021. A Google Forms questionnaire was prepared according to the literature. The first part of the two-part questionnaire included the sociodemographic characteristics of the physicians and some variables thought to be related to COVID-19. In the second part, questions from the “Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine Scale (ATCVS)” were included. Multiple linear regression analysis with variables that were significant in univariate analysis was used for further analysis. Results: Three hundred fifteen (71.9%) of a total of 438 participants stated that they were assigned to units related to COVID-19 during the pandemic. With more than 10 years of work in the profession, physicians had a more positive attitude towards vaccination than those with 1 – 5 years’ experience. Most of the physicians reported that there were insufficient studies on these newly developed vaccines. Possible adverse effects, uncertainty about the efficacy and safety of the vaccine, and beliefs that people are not at risk for severe disease were prominent. Conclusions: Despite all the uncertainties about the efficacy, safety, and long-term adverse effects of newly developed COVID vaccines, it was determined that 79% of the physicians approached the vaccine positively. The most important reason for vaccine hesitation was the insufficient studies about COVID-19 vaccines.
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