Morphology of the atrioventricular valves and the intraventricular related structures were observed and the findings were compared broadly to the literature, in the 7 hearts of the wild pigs (Sus scrofa) by applying macroscopic and microscopic techniques. In all hearts examinated, the tricuspid and mitral valves were precise, composing three and two cusps resepectively. The papillary muscles observed in mammalian heart in general were found in both the ventricles, additionaly there were small unnamed papillary muscles in the left ventricle of the three samples. The septomarginal trabecula and false chords were present in the right ventricles, microscopically possessing myocardial fibers, connective tissue and purkinje cells while the false chords were located in all the left ventricles but the septomarginal trabecula was found in the three samples only. Both the connective tissue and purkinje cells were present in these two structures but the myocardial fibers. Presence of the myocardial fibers in the right ventricle may have an effect on the ventricle geometry.

sialo-mucins. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 3: 348-354)

We investigated the structure of hemal nodes in Saanen goats using immunohistochemical staining. We examined the distribution of CD3 positive T lymphocytes, CD79a positive B lymphocytes, CD68 positive macrophages and S100 protein positive follicular dendritic cells. Hemal nodes of six healty adult female goats were used. Hemal nodes were removed from the thoracic and abdominal cavities. The oval to round hemal nodes were observed especially between the abdominal aorta and vena cava, and near the kidneys and adrenal glands. Tissue sections were stained with Crossmon's modified triple stain to demonstrate general histological structure. The avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique using anti-CD3, anti-CD79a, anti-CD68 and anti-S100 primary antibodies was used for immunohistochemistry. Many CD3 positive T lymphocytes were found in the germinal center of the lymph follicles and in the lymphatic cords of hemal nodes; CD3 positive cells also were observed in the sinuses. CD79a and CD68 positive cells were found at the germinal center of the lymph follicles. In the lymph follicles near the subcapsular sinuses, CD79a and CD68 positive cells were found especially in e areas bordering the mantle zone. S100 positive cells were found in the lymph follicles, lymphatic cords and sinuses.

Ten healthy adult Kilis goat mesenteric lymph nodes were used to examine the general structure of lymph nodes, lymphocytes, plasma cells, reticular cells and reticular fibers using histological methods. We also detected T lymphocytes using anti-CD3 [SP7], anti-CD4 [74-12-4], mouse anti-bovine CD4 [CC30] and mouse anti-bovine CD8 [CC63] monoclonal antibodies (mAb); and B lymphocytes using anti-CD79a [HM57] mAb, macrophages using anti-macrophage [MAC387] mAb and follicular dendritic cells using anti-S100 polyclonal antibody (pAb). The distribution of these cells also was studied. Although the primer antibodies we used for CD3, CD8, CD79a, MAC387 and S100 worked well, the primer antibodies for CD4 were ineffective for paraffin embedded goat lymph nodes.