This paper shows the effect of excess air on combustion gas temperature at turbine inlet, and how it determines power and thermal efficiency of a gas turbine at different pressure ratios and excess air. In such a way an analytic Equation that allows calculating the turbine inlet temperature as a function of excess air, pressure ratio and relative humidity is given. Humidity Impact on excess air calculation is also analyzed and presented. Likewise it is demonstrated that dry air calculations determine a higher level for calculations that can be performed on wet air
The methodology of calculation of the velocity distribution for the stream frictionless and the drops in the flow line, on the basis of the frictionless, two-dimensional, stationary, transonic and homogenous flow is established. The knowledge of conditions that govern the low pressure section of steam turbines in the last stage to have an approximate movement of the droplets in the blade cascades and the accumulation of droplets on the stator blades, flowing through the steam, is presented. This study is used for developing a code in Fortran about the velocity distribution in the output of stator blades that have flow conditions of wet steam, in order to understand the causes that originate the erosion on the blades of the last stages in the low pressure section of steam turbines
In the low pressure section of the steam turbines the damages are pronounced becoming remarkable in all the stages, since the generation of water liquid microparticles implies the impact on the blades having majors problems of erosion in the last stages by the increase of the humidity. In the first part of this work, the calculation presented of the transonic velocity field for the stream frictionless and the drops in the flow line, on the basis of the frictionless, two-dimensional, stationary, transonic and homogenous flow, give an approximate movement of the droplets and its accumulation on the stator blades, flowing through the steam. In order to understand the causes that originate the erosion on the blades of the last stages in low pressure section of steam turbines, the previous procedure is developed in a code in Fortran and the obtained results of velocity distribution in the output of blades that have flow conditions of wet steam are presented.
The combustion products of fuels containing the elements C, H, O, N and S are calculated. The methodology is based on the equations obtained in the stoichiometric balance of atoms. The adiabatic flame temperature is determined considering that the pressure of the boiler furnace remains constant. The scope of this work is limited to the analysis of natural gas (methane) with molecular formula <i>CH<sub>4</sub></i>. The methodology can, however, be employed for the calculation of combustion products of a great variety of hydrocarbons under the established restrictions.In the development of the methodology two cases are contemplated: Φ ≤ 1 (lean and stoichiometric mixture) and Φ > 1 (rich mixture). In the first case it is considered that when the combustion is complete, the combustion products are O<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, and the solution follows directly. When the combustion is incomplete, however, the products H, O, N, H<sub>2</sub>, OH, CO, NO, O<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> can be generated, according to Stephen R. Turns, (2000). When bal-ances of atoms are performed, four conservation equations are obtained, one for each of the C, O, H and N elements. An additional restriction requires that the sum of the molar fractions of the products equals one mol. Finally, seven equilibrium constants, corresponding to the seven chemical reactions of combustion, are introduced. All this provides a system of four nonlinear equations which is solved with the Newton-Raphson method
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