CONTEXTO: No contexto das transições de vida potencialmente stressantes, como acontece na transição para o exercício do papel de cuidador, as crenças de autoe cácia, sendo um constructo psicológico individual, podem servir como recurso pessoal facilitador ou fator de vulnerabilidade. OBJETIVO: Conhecer a evolução da perceção de autoe cácia do familiar cuidador (FC) após o regresso a casa do dependente. METODOLOGIA: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, quantitativo e de per l longitudinal. Amostra de conveniência constituída por 117, 115 e 123 FC avaliados, respetivamente, ao 1º, 2º e 3º mês após a alta hospitalar dos dependentes internados em seis hospitais da região norte de Portugal. Aplicado o formulário "Famílias que integram dependentes no autocuidado", entre agosto de 2010 e março de 2011. O tratamento estatístico dos dados foi realizado com recurso ao programa SPSS, versão 18,0. RESULTADOS: Veri cou-se uma evolução positiva na perceção de autoe cácia dos FC ao longo dos três meses após o regresso a casa do dependente. Os domínios do autocuidado onde os FC revelaram maior perceção de autoe cácia dizem respeito ao autocuidado "andar", "vestir-se/despir-se", "alimentar-se" e "tomar banho". Relativamente aos domínios dos "processos de cuidar", os FC revelaram maior perceção de autoe cácia para "agir", "monitorizar" e "providenciar cuidados". CONCLUSÕES: Deste estudo emerge a necessidade de de nir modelos de intervenção de enfermagem com maior efetividade junto das famílias, traduzido por maior pro ssionalização dos cuidados de enfermagem, através de um acompanhamento ao longo do tempo mais sistemático e em tempo útil. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Autoe cácia; Cuidadores; Cuidados de enfermagem ABSTRACT "Perception of self-e cacy of family caregivers a er the dependent homecoming: A longitudinal study" BACKGROUND: In the context of potentially stressful life transitions as in the transition to the exercise of the caregiver role, the self-e cacy beliefs, being an individual psychological construct, can serve as a personal facilitator resource or a factor of vulnerability. AIM: Understand the evolution of the perception of self-e cacy of family caregivers (FC) a er the dependent homecoming. METHODS: A descriptive, exploratory, quantitative study with a longitudinal pro le. Convenience sample of 117, 115 e 123 FC evaluated, respectively, at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd month a er discharge of dependents hospitalized in six hospitals in the northern region of Portugal. e form "Families that integrate self-care dependents" was applied between August 2010 and March 2011. Statistical analysis of data was performed using the SPSS so ware, version 18.0. RESULTS: ere was a positive evolution in the self-e cacy perception of FC over the tree months a er the dependent homecoming. e self-care domains where family caregivers showed higher self-e cacy perceptions were "walking", "dressing/undressing", "eating " and " bathing". Relatively to the domains of "caring processes", the family caregivers showed greater self-e cacy perception to "act", "monit...
Background: The National Network for Integrated Continuous Care (NNICC) emerged as a response to the increasing aging of the Portuguese population and the consequent increase in the number of self-care dependent individuals. Objectives: To assess the potential for the recovery of autonomy, the evolution of bodily processes impairment, and the level of self-care dependence among dependent individuals admitted to the NNICC. Methodology: A descriptive and exploratory study was conducted using a convenience sample of 891 dependent individuals from 10 NNICC care units within the area of influence of a Local Coordination Team in the region of Minho, Portugal. Results:The results showed a low to moderate potential for the recovery of autonomy. There was a positive evolution in bodily processes impairment and in the level of self-care dependence. The greater potential for the recovery of autonomy is associated with a lower level of bodily processes impairment and a higher self-care independence. Conclusion:The study reveals effective health gains in the health condition of dependent individuals admitted to the NNICC, within its different types of care, which demonstrates its usefulness.
Bedridden patients usually stay in bed for long periods, presenting several problems caused by immobility, leading to a long recovery process. Thus, identifying physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility requires urgent research. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to map existing physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility, the rehabilitation domains, the devices used, the parameters accessed, and the context in which these programs were performed. This scoping review, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) methodology and conducted in different databases (including grey literature), identified 475 articles, of which 27 were included in this review. The observed contexts included research institutes, hospitals, rehabilitation units, nursing homes, long-term units, and palliative care units. Most of the programs were directed to the musculoskeletal domain, predominantly toward the lower limbs. The devices used included lower limb mobilization, electrical stimulation, inclined planes, and cycle ergometers. Most of the evaluated parameters were musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, or vital signs. The variability of the programs, domains, devices and parameters found in this scoping review revealed no uniformity, a consequence of the personalization and individualization of care, which makes the development of a standard intervention program challenging.
Although frailty is an important, well-characterized concept in the provision of medical care to older adults, it has not been linked to the concept of vulnerability developed in the humanities and social sciences. Here, we distinguish between the two main dimensions of vulnerability: a fundamental, anthropological dimension in which people are exposed to a risk of injury, and a relational dimension in which people depend on each other and on their environment. The relational notion of vulnerability might provide healthcare professionals with a better understanding of frailty (and its potential interaction with precarity). Precarity situates people in their relationship with a social environment that might threaten their living conditions. Frailty corresponds to individual-level changes in adaptation to a living environment and the loss of ability to evolve or react in that environment. Therefore, we suggest that by considering the geriatric notion of frailty as a particular form of relational vulnerability, healthcare professionals could better understand the specific needs of frail, older people—and thus provide more appropriate care.
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