Background:
The congenital muscular torticollis is characterized by a persistent lateral flexion of the head to the affected side and cervical rotation to the opposite side due to unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The majority of the cases resolve with conservative management, with parents/caregivers education and physical therapy.
The aim of this study was to assess demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment options, and outcome, amongst infants referred to pediatric rehabilitation consultation due to congenital muscular torticollis.
Methods:
Retrospective cohort study of infants diagnosed with congenital muscular torticollis between January 2012 and December 2014. Obstetric and perinatal data, clinical presentation, comorbidities, treatment, and outcome were abstracted from clinical records.
Results:
One hundred six infants were included. There was no sex predominance and mean age at first pediatric rehabilitation consultation was 11.6 (10.4) weeks. Most women were primiparous (76.4%), dystocic labor predominated (73.6%), and pelvic fetal presentation occurred in 20.8%. At examination, 49.1% of the infants had abnormalities, beyond the tilt cervical, mainly range of motion restrictions and palpable nodule in sternocleidomastoid muscle. Among the 87 children who performed the cervical ultrasound, 29 (27.4%) had anomalies. Associated clinical conditions such as hip dysplasia were identified. The majority (71.7%) were submitted to conservative treatment, 30.2% in the Pediatric Rehabilitation Department. Most infants (97.2%) showed a complete resolution of the torticollis.
Conclusions:
Congenital muscular torticollis is the most common cause of torticollis in the infants. Early diagnosis, parent/caregivers education, and conservative treatment are crucial to achieving good results.
Con el avance de la tecnología y la enorme masificación de Internet, el uso de esa plataforma se ha vuelto un elemento clave para el mercado financiero y otros usuarios de información financiera y no financiera. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar el grado de divulgación de información corporativa en sus sitios webs corporativos a partir de una muestra de empresas que cotizan en los mercados de valores de Chile y Perú. La muestra de investigación está compuesta por 63 compañías-33 empresas chilenas y 30 peruanas-, que, a pesar de diferencias en las bolsas de estos países, se constituyen como las empresas cotizadas más representativas. Para ello, se configuraron 48 variables distribuidas en 5 dimensiones-rendición de cuentas, compañía y estrategia, análisis financiero, transparencia y funcionalidad-y la evaluación se mide a través de un índice. Los resultados demuestran preocupación por presentar información financiera; sin embargo, no revelan de manera significativa aspectos voluntarios sobre responsabilidad social y ambiental.
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