OBJETIVOS: Determinar a freqüência de alguns sintomas depressivos em idosos, construir um escore de sintomas depressivos, e avaliar a associação entre a média de sintomas depressivos e variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas e comportamentais. MÉTODOS: Delineamento transversal de base populacional incluindo indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais residentes na zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas, RS. A amostragem foi realizada em múltiplos estágios, tendo por base os setores censitários do município. Utilizou-se um instrumento com oito sintomas comumente incluídos em questionários e escalas de depressão e específicos de erosão afetiva (forma esta mais comum de manifestação depressiva entre idosos). A análise foi feita por regressão linear múltipla e se baseou em um modelo conceitual de determinação do desfecho. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 583 sujeitos, sendo que o percentual de perdas e recusas foi de 4,7%. A média dos sintomas depressivos por participante foi de 3,4 (dp=2,1). A ausência de disposição para realizar as atividades habituais foi o sintoma mais freqüente (73,9%). Na análise ajustada, os seguintes grupos apresentaram médias estatisticamente maiores (p<0,05) de sintomas depressivos: mulheres, indivíduos mais velhos, com menor escolaridade, sem trabalho remunerado, tabagistas atuais e que tiveram morte de familiar ou pessoa importante no último ano. CONCLUSÕES: Tanto os sintomas depressivos isoladamente quanto a média desses sintomas encontrados na amostra de idosos foram altos, ressaltando a importância da avaliação da sintomatologia específica dos idosos, que parece diferente daquela verificada nos adultos jovens.

Objective To determine the prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption and factors associated with it in a Brazilian

Objective:To assess the impact of anxiety comorbidity on the quality of life of patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Methods:We undertook a cross-Sectional survey of 162 BD outpatients interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. The primary outcome measure was quality of life, assessed with the 26-item WHO Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF).Results: Anxiety comorbidity in BD patients was associated with lower scores in all domains of quality of life. The impact of anxiety comorbidity on the psychological domain of the WHOQOL-BREF was kept, even when the current level of depression was added to the model as a confounding factor. Current anxiety comorbidity was also associated with lifetime alcohol abuse and dependence, rapid cycling, lifetime psychosis, number of suicide attempts, and a lower score in the Global Assessment of Functioning measure. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that anxiety comorbidity in BD patients is related to lower quality of life, particularly on the psychological domain. BD-anxiety comorbidity may be associated with such markers of illness severity as number of suicide attempts, rapid cycling, lifetime alcohol abuse, and psychosis. The recognition and treatment of anxiety comorbidity may help patients with BD to relieve their psychological pain and improve their overall quality of life. Clinical Implications· Anxiety comorbidity is highly prevalent among BD patients, with a great impact on quality of life, and warrants routine clinical assessment and better specific management.· The comprehension of a relation between BD-anxiety comorbidity and quality of life suggests the importance of routine screening for other associated factors, such as suicide risk, rapid cycling, and alcohol abuse. · Quality of life has increasingly become an outcome measure for treatment trials. Multiple factors, such as anxiety comorbidity, may affect quality of life and can be more specifically targeted in treatment interventions. Limitations· This study had a cross-Sectional design, so no causative evidence could be taken. · The anxiety disorders have been combined here, although they are not all alike. · Investigation of a broad concept such as quality of life may be affected by other possible confounders not considered here.

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To identify the prevalence of depressive symptoms and examine associated factors in a Southern Brazilian adult population, a cross-sectional population-based study was carried out, including 972 subjects, men and women, aged 20 to 69 years, living in the urban area of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. The sampling strategy relied on the census tracts of the city as primary sampling units and households as the secondary units. The questionnaire included socio-demographic, behavioral and nutritional variables. The prevalence of sadness, anxiety, loss of energy, lack of will to do things, thinking about the past, and wishing to stay at home were 29.4%, 57.6%, 37.4%, 40.4%, 33.8%, and 54.3%, respectively. Female gender, older ages, smokers and obese individuals showed association with depressive symptoms. Population-based studies using longitudinal designs may help to clarify the relationship between biopsychosocial variables and depressive symptoms.

Our data suggest that the physiological pattern of enhanced memory retrieval for emotionally bound information is blunted in bipolar disorder.

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