et al. Compulsão, criminalidade, destruição e perdas: o significado do crack 174 Enfermagem em Foco 2012; 3(4): 174-177Compulsão, criminalidade, destruição e perdas: o significado do crack para os usuários INTRODUÇÃO O uso de substâncias psicoativas não se configura em uma prática nova no curso histórico da humanidade. Esse fenômeno esteve presente em diversas sociedades, sobretudo associado a tradições socioculturais, rituais místicos e religiosos e até mesmo utilizado como objeto de interação social considerando seu suposto caráter terapêutico.Atualmente, o consumo de tais substâncias tem adquirido grandes proporções em detrimento à desvirtuação de sua finalidade inicial sendo, pois, responsável por gerar amplo debate no meio social, não somente pelos efeitos devastadores provocados nos usuários (ameaça à saúde, improdutividade laboral e ainda prejuízo na qualidade de vida), mas, principalmente, pela sua teia de destruição que contribui para o aumento da criminalidade e marginalidade (1) .Ao chamar atenção para o fenômeno das drogas, subleva-se grande preocupação com o consumo do crack: potente estimulante do sistema nervoso central, que gera alto grau de dependência, além de ser bastante comum nos atos proibidos pela Lei. Essa substância atinge 0,3% da população mundial. No Brasil, estima-se que 0,7% da população já tenha consumido a droga, com destaque para as regiões Sul (3,6%), Sudeste (2,6%) e Nordeste (1,4%), cujo perfil é de usuários jovens, estudantes do ensino médio e fundamental, Objetivou-se analisar o significado do crack para usuários do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para dependentes de Álcool e outras Drogas. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado no mês de março de 2012. Participaram nove sujeitos que responderam a um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. As falas dos depoentes foram submetidas a análise temática. Os relatos evidenciaram que o crack significa, para os usuários, destruição, compulsividade, criminalidade, agressividade e perdas afetivas, familiares e materiais. Percebe-se que compreender esses significados na concepção de seus usuários é o caminho necessário para um redirecionamento da assistência prestada pela equipe de saúde.Palavras chave: Enfermagem, Cocaína, Crack, Saúde Mental. Compulsion, criminality, destruction and loss: the meaning of crack for its usersThis study aimed to analyze the meaning of crack for users at the Center for Psychosocial Care for dependents of Alcohol and other Drugs. This is a qualitative study, conducted in March 2012. Nine participants answered a semi-structured interview. The statements of the users were subjected to thematic analysis. The reports showed that, for its users, crack means destruction, compulsivity, criminality, aggressiveness and material, emotional and family losses. It is evident that understanding such meanings for the users is the necessary path to a redirection of care as provided by the healthcare team.Descriptors: Nursing, Cocaine, Crack, Mental Health.Compulsión, criminalidad, destrucción y pérdida: la i...
Efeitos da musicoterapia sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adultos com diagnóstico de transtornos mentais: revisão sistemáticaEffects of music therapy on anxiety and depression symptoms in adults diagnosed with mental disorders: a systematic review Efectos de la musicoterapia sobre los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en adultos con diagnóstico de trastornos mentales: revisión sistemática
The aidms of this paper is to describe the experience of one of the authors in obtaining reports of crack users using the phenomenological interview. Walk in this process were considered key strategies for approaching the subject of this study, since they supported the familiarity and empathy researcher-subject to this overriding methodological strategy. This manifested itself as a strategy for the seizure of intrinsic meanings about death and dying for userto-be-crack. Obtaining reports reflect the experience of them in the consumption of crack cocaine led to the fact that the absence of an existential sense, one can be and being in the world.Key words: Illicit drugs. Crack cocaine. Nursing. RESUMENEl propósito de este trabajo es describir la experiencia de uno de los autores en la obtención de informes de los consumidores de crack con la entrevista fenomenológica. Caminar en este proceso se consideraron las principales estrategias para abordar el tema de este estudio, ya que el apoyo de la familiaridad y la empatía investigador-sujeto de esta estrategia metodológica predominante. Esto se manifestó como una estrategia para la toma de los significados intrínsecos sobre la muerte para el usuario-aser-crack. Obtención de informes reflejan la experiencia de ellos en el consumo de cocaína llevó al hecho de que la ausencia de un sentido existencial, se puede estar y ser en el mundo.Palabras clave: Las drogas ilícitas. Cocaína crack. De enfermería.
IntroductionCOVID-19 pandemic has an impact on mortality indicators worldwide. Mitigation and repression actions to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease are necessary. However, they are criticised in the economic, social and psychological spheres. This social isolation, increased unemployment, routine changes, news of health complications and deaths related to COVID-19 can cause psychological repercussions that will certainly intensify in the coming months, and suicidal behaviour presents itself as a fatal outcome. It is necessary to know factors associated with suicidal behaviour in adults during the pandemic. Although there are studies, there is no systematic review to assess these factors, specifically in adults. The objective is to critically synthesise the scientific evidence on the factors associated with suicidal behaviour in adults in the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods and analysesA systematic review will be carried out, recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, in seven databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), ISI of Knowledge, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), SCOPUS, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (PsycINFO), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and ScienceDirect. Preliminary search was carried out on 30 July 2020 and will be updated in March 2021. No restrictions on publication date, study location or languages will be considered in this review. The preliminary research strategies were carried out on 30 July 2020 and will be updated in February 2021. To measure the agreement between reviewers at each screening stage, Cohen’s Kappa will be calculated. Primary outcome will be factors related to suicidal behaviour in adults during COVID-19 pandemic. Grouped standardised mean differences and 95% CIs will be calculated. The risk of bias in observational studies will be assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies (MINORS). Statistical heterogeneity will be assessed with the I2 statistic.Ethics and disclosureEthical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020208816.
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