BackgroundAspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a syndrome characterized by chronic hyperplastic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, asthma and aspirin sensitivity. The mechanisms by which produce these manifestations of intolerance are not fully defined, the current research involve alterations in the metabolism of arachidonic acid, cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) inhibition and its deviation from substrate to the lipoxygenase (LO) pathway, inducing increased synthesis of leukotrienes (LT). Biological plausibility of this fact has led to the search for polymorphisms in genes responsible for LT synthesis however others factors such as genetics polymorphisms in pro-inflammatory cytokines like, IL1B and IL8 could be associated.Methods78 patients with AERD, 135 aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) and 134 healthy control subjects participated. All participants who underwent a simple spirometry, methacholine challenge and nasal challenge with Lysine-aspirin (L-ASA), both tests performed according to international guidelines. Peripheral blood was drawn by venipuncture, genomic DNA was obtained using the commercial BDtract DNA isolation kit. We selected 2 polymorphisms in 2 genes related to chronic inflammation rs16944 in IL1B, and rs4073 in IL8, Allelic discrimination of SNPs was performed by Real Time PCR (PCR-RT) on a 7300 Real Time PCR Systems. Statistical analysis was performed between groups of cases (AERD and ATA) versus control group with Epi-info v.6.04 by χ2 test to identify the difference between the allele and genotype frequencies of each polymorphism made, considering a significant P value <0.05, in addition to the calculation of odds ratios and confidence intervals of 95%.ResultsWe find no association between IL1B (rs16944) to GG and GA genotypes in ATA patients versus control group neither AERD versus control group. Interestingly, the AA genotype showed increased frequency in the AERD patients versus the ATA patients (FG = 0.19 versus 0.07), this association remained significant (P = 0.018, OR 2.98, CI, 1.17-7.82).ConclusionsThis is the first observation that IL1B polymorphisms are involved in AERD, suggest that patients carrying out the IL1B-511 polymorphism (rs16944 AA genotype) may show enhanced susceptibility to develop AERD.
BackgroundThere are studies in Mexico and worldwide about the patterns of positivity of skin prick test and the most frecuently allergens were: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DPT), tree pollens (Ash/Oak in Mexico, Oak in U.S.A, Birch in Europe), grasses (Bermuda in Mexico, Timothy in U.S.A and Lolium in Europe) and thirdly cat ephitelium(CE). The reactivity to allergens was more common in males and the age groups in which there were positive skin test with the highest prevalence was from 5 to 15 years and 21 to 40 years.MethodsThe objective is to determine the pattern of skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in patients with rhinitis and asthma allergic in Mexico city, attending in the National Institute of Respiratory Disease (INER). This is a prospective, observational and longitudinal study based on data analysis of skin prick test results of individuals with clinical diagnosis of airway allergy (rhinitis/asthma). We use standardized allergens (alkalbello), detailed clinic history was collected in all cases. The statistical analysis was performed with the program SPSS14.ResultsWe obtained a total of 519 patients with positive skin prick test between January 2009 and March 2011. This group comprised 47% females and 53% male, with a mean age of 19 years between 3 to 79 years. We have 253patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma (A), 173 with RA and 93 with A. 55% of the patients reacted to one allergen extract (AE) and 45% of the patients reacted with 2 or more AE. The most frequently indoor allergenswith positive skin prick test were Dpt (65.1%), Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) in 32.3%, CE(31.7%), Cockroach (11.5%). Among the outdoor allergens ash was positive in 23.3%, Ligustrum (18.8%) oak (17.7%) birch (13.6%) Western Juniperus (9.6%), Ulm (8.6%).ConclusionsThe most frequently positivity skin prick test were Dpt, Df, CE, Ash, Privet, Oak. The reactivity to allergens was more common in males, and there are 3 peaks of age of positivity on prick test (7–12 years, 25–29 years and 36 years).
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