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Abstract-This paper proposes a new methodology focused on implementing cost effective architectures on Cloud Computing systems. With this methodology the paper presents some disadvantages of systems that are based on single Cloud architectures and gives some advices for taking into account in the development of hybrid systems. The work also includes a validation of these ideas implemented in a complete videoconference service developed with our research group. This service allows a great number of users per conference, múltiple simultaneous conferences, different client software (requiring transcodiflcation of ¡nidio and video flows) and provides a service like automatic recording. Furthermore it offers different kinds of connectivity including SIP clients and a client based on Web 2.0. The ideas proposed in this article are intended to be a useful resource for any researcher or developer who wants to implement cost effective systems on several Clouds.
This paper tackles the optimization of applications in multi-provider hybrid cloud scenarios from an economic point of view. In these scenarios the great majority of solutions offer the automatic allocation of resources on different cloud providers based on their current prices. However our approach is intended to introduce a novel solution by making maximum use of divide and rule. This paper describes a methodology to create cost aware cloud applications that can be broken down into the three most important components in cloud infrastructures: computation, network and storage. A real videoconference system has been modified in order to evaluate this idea with both theoretical and empirical experiments. This system has become a widely used tool in several national and European projects for e-learning and collaboration purposes.
Sixteen Rahaji breed beef cattle (112.00 ± 0.15 kg body weight (BW)) were randomly assigned to one of four rations differing in the degree of substitution of sorghum straw with Cattail ( Typha domingensis ) silage. Growth performance, feed intake, blood profile, and economics of production were evaluated. Completely randomized design was used, and the feeding trial lasted for 42 days. Cattle were fed a total mixed ration of roughage:concentrate (400:600) g/kg dry matter and gamba hay free choice. The control diet (T0) contained 400 g/kg sorghum straw, expressed on a dry matter basis (DM). For additional treatments, Typha silage (TS) was included at 100 (T10), 200 (T20), and 300 (T30) g/kg of the mix replacing an equal DM weight of sorghum straw. Growth rate was similar ( P > 0.05) regardless of the TS level. DM (5160.77–5524.96 g/d) and crude protein (846.36–955.82 g/d) intakes were higher ( P < 0.05) in T20 and T30 diets, while the acid detergent fiber intake (471.27–512.46 g/d) reduced ( P < 0.05) in TS-based diets. Red blood cell concentrations of cattle fed TS-based diets increased ( P < 0.05). The mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations of cattle fed T20 diet decreased ( P < 0.05) in comparison with the control. Sodium and albumin concentrations were higher ( P < 0.05) in cattle fed TS-based diets. Total cost of feeding ($ 49.60–61.62) decreased ( P < 0.05) in TS-based diets, while the gross benefit of cattle fed 300 g/kg TS diet ($ 74.98) was enhanced relative to cattle fed T0 and T10 diets. TS can be considered a new resource of feed for cattle.
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