The control of wind energy conversion systems (WECS) must face a multitude of challenges; among them, the most important is to integrate a profoundly erratic source of energy-the windinto electrical energy grids required to meet tough quality standards. The multitude of architectures encountered nowadays in WECS practically renders impossible the associated control systems being standardized. Moreover, with the emergence of variable-speed wind energy systems, new control issues have been formulated. Thus, even if recording a significant technological advance, most of commercial wind energy systems are still equipped only with primary control functions. In the frame of increasing attention paid to alternative sources of energy, the design of WECS control systems is an open issue, raising a vivid interest especially from the academic research community.A significant literature dealing with wind energy systems is already available, but most of the books are focused on technological aspects (aerodynamics, energy generation, etc.), while only briefing the main control aspects. In spite of their apparent marginal interest, there are important problems that claim the use of control systems: the grid integration [1], operation in various regimes and under various wind conditions [2], supervision, etc. BACKGROUND ON THE BOOK

London This paper addresses the control of multiterminal voltage-source converters at high-voltage direct current in the context of offshore wind farms. Droop control is commonly used to regulate the dc voltage in this kind of grid, and droop parameters are selected on the basis of steady-state analyses. Here, a control design methodology is proposed based on the frequency-response analysis. This methodology provides a criterion to select the droop gains, taking into account the performance specifications [i.e., the desired voltage errors and the maximum control inputs (currents)]. The application of the methodology is illustrated with a four-terminal grid.

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