Tulisan ini membahas munculnya aktor alternatif berbasis jaringan dukungan sosial di tengah keterbatasan negara dalam menyediakan jaring pengaman saat krisis berlangsung. Dengan menggunakan kerangka teori informal security regime dan jaringan dukungan sosial, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana Solidaritas Pangan Jogja (SPJ) bergerak dalam mendistribusikan makanan untuk pekerja informal dan kelompok rentan di Yogyakarta saat krisis akibat pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan studi kasus dengan analisis deskriptif. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SPJ merupakan aktor alternatif yang berbasis jaringan dukungan sosial dan berperan sebagai jaring pengaman dengan memenuhi kebutuhan dasar berupa makanan. Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa meskipun gerakan yang dilakukan dapat memberikan bantuan dengan cepat, gerakan semacam ini juga memiliki kerapuhan dalam hal sumber daya manusia dan sumber daya finansial. Kerapuhan tersebut membuat praktik jaringan dukungan sosial seperti SPJ merupakan model yang tidak permanen dan mudah berubah.Kata Kunci: aktor alternatif; krisis; jaringan dukungan sosial; solidaritas pangan jogja This article discusses the emergence of alternative actor based on social support networks amid state limitations in providing safety nets during the crisis. Using the theoretical framework of informal security regime and social support networks, this article aims to explain how Solidaritas Pangan Jogja (SPJ) moves in distributing food to informal workers and vulnerable groups in Yogyakarta during the crisis due to COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted with qualitative methods through case study with descriptive analysis. It shows that SPJ is an alternative actor based on social support network and acts as a safety net by fulfilling food as a basic need. This article argues although this movement has capacity to provide a responsive social assistance, it is also has a fragility in terms of human and financial resources. Its fragility tends to cause social support networks such as SPJ is not permanent and unchanging form.Keywords: alternative actor; crisis; social support network; solidaritas pangan jogja
Tulisan ini membahas munculnya aksi solidaritas di media sosial Twitter. Dengan menggunakan kerangka teori connective action dan efektivitas gerakan di media sosial, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana aksi solidaritas di Twitter muncul dan menjelaskan aktor yang terlibat di dalamnya. Selain itu, tulisan ini juga bertujuan untuk menjelaskan efektivitas dari aksi solidaritas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan analisis media sosial dan analisis konten. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksi solidaritas yang muncul di Twitter merupakan respons atas situasi krisis akibat pandemi COVID-19. Meskipun merespons isu dalam rentang waktu yang sama dan menggunakan narasi yang serupa, aksi solidaritas yang dimunculkan oleh individu, organisasi, dan komunitas dilakukan secara personal dan tidak saling terikat secara langsung. Namun demikian, tidak semua aksi solidaritas mendapatkan impresi/engagement yang tinggi. Aktor yang menjadi opinion leader, yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor indegree, retweet dan mention, memiliki pengaruh besar dalam melakukan aksi solidaritas. This article discusses the emergence of solidarity actions on Twitter social media. Using the framework of connective action and the effectiveness of social media movements, this paper aims to explain how solidarity actions on Twitter emerge and explain the actors involved in it. Besides, this paper also aims to explain the effectiveness of solidarity actions. The research was conducted with social media analysis and content analysis. Research shows that the solidarity action that appears on Twitter is a response to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Although responding to issues in the same time frame and using similar narratives, solidarity actions raised by individuals, organizations, and communities are carried out personally and are not directly tied to each other. However, not all solidarity actions received high impressions/engagement. Actors who are opinion leaders, who are influenced by indegree, retweet, and mention factors, have a big influence in carrying out solidarity actions. Keywords: solidarity; crisis; opinion leader; twitter; connective action
This article examines the implementation of the inclusive education policy to provide educational services for children with disabilities. Using a conceptual framework concerning disability and social inclusion, and isomorphic mimicry and capability, this article aims to explain Wonosobo District Government's capability in implementing inclusive education policy. This article is based on a qualitative study, using a case study approach with descriptive analysis. We argue that Wonosobo District Government's capability to implement inclusive education policy is in a weak or limited position (weak capability). This is a depiction of isomorphic mimicry, where the inclusive education policy in Wonosobo District seems to be functional. As its implication, children with disabilities are vulnerable to being excluded from obtaining inclusive education services.
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