This paper presents the construction of molecular models from easily accessible materials as well as details of the geometrical and trigonometric theories that support it. Its aim is to allow a chemical-mathematical interdisciplinary approach to the subject, under the assumption that knowledge of the molecular geometrical shape, as well as of bi-and three-dimensional representations in chemistry, is supplied by the linguistic complements provided by the overlap between the theories of chemistry and mathematics.
Efeito de óxidos de níquel na sinterização de nanopartículas de óxido de cério dopado com samário (SDC) para aplicação em pilhas a combustívelThe effect of nickel oxide on the sintering of nanoparticles of samarium doped cerium oxide (SDC) for application in fuel cells C, visando à obtenção de porcentuais de sinterização superiores a 90%. Os materiais foram caracterizados por Difração de Raios X (DRX), Espectroscopia do Infravermelho (IV), Análise Térmica (TG/DTA), Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão (MET) e Espectroscopia Raman. Observou-se um aumento no percentual de sinterização de 83,1 % (pastilha de SDC pura) para 98,6% (pastilha de SDC com CoNiO). Portanto, a SDC preparada pelo método do precussor permite a obtenção de pastilhas com alta densificação, o qual é um dos pré-requisitos para sua utilização na elaboração de componentes de pilhas a combustível do tipo PaCOS. Palavras-chave:PaCOS, eletrólito sólido, óxido de cério dopado com samário, SDC. ABSTRACTFuel cells allow generation of electric energy in a clean and efficient way. Among the different types of fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stands out. Samarium doped cerium oxide (SDC) have been widely studied for its application as solid electrolyte and as a component of cermet type anode. Initially, this work describes synthesis of nanoparticles of 20% mol samarium doped cerium oxide (Ce 0,8 Sm 0,2 O 1,9 ), by the precursor method. Subsequently, we analyze the effect of nickel oxide (NiO) and 10% cobalt-doped nickel oxide (CoNiO) on the sintering at 1200 °C of SDC pellets, aiming to attaining a sintering degree higher than 90%. Materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA), Transmition Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman Spectroscopy. We observed an increase in percentage of sintering from 83.1% (pure SDC pellet) to 98.6% (SDC pellet with CoNiO). Therefore, SDC prepared by the precursor method allows obtaining pellets with high density, which is a prerequisite for their use in preparation of components of SOFC type fuel cells.
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