The term sarcopenia refers to the loss of muscle mass that occurs with aging. Sarcopenia is defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) as low muscle mass and low muscle function (strength and performance). Its prevalence varies depending on the definition used for it, but estimates propose a loss of approximately 8 % per decade until the age of 70 years; afterwards, the loss increases and ranges from 13 to 24 % per decade. Irrespective of how sarcopenia is defined, both low muscle mass and poor muscle strength are highly prevalent and important risk factors for disability and increased mortality in individuals as they age. In this review, we address age-related muscle loss and the risk factors of mortality, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and intervention.
Objective: to evaluate the performance of the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) as a screening tool for sarcopenia in elderly persons living in a city in the south of Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional, home-based study was conducted with 322 elderly persons. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the criteria proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EGWSOP). A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess the discriminatory power of the TUG on sarcopenia screening. Results: With a cutoff point of 7.5 seconds, the test had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.66 (CI 0.56-0.76; p=0.002) and adequate sensitivity and negative predictive values (88.9% and 93.2%, respectively). Conclusion: Due to its ease of use and rapid execution, in addition to its low cost, this test is useful for the screening of sarcopenia, especially among elderly persons with good physical and cognitive abilities. The early identification of individuals with probable sarcopenia may allow for preventive or directive interventions for the management of this geriatric syndrome.
INTRODUCTION:Frailty is an important geriatric syndrome linked to increased mortality, morbidity and the risk of falls Detection of pre-frail and early frail individuals is essential to minimize adverse health outcomes, enabling effective interdisciplinary interventions. OBJECTIVE: To identify frailty syndrome with Timed Up and Go (TUG) test in home-dwelling elderly. METHODS: A home-based cross-sectional study was carried out with 322 elderly people living in a Southern city of Brazil. The Fried frailty criteria was used in order to assess the levels of frailty; the TUG score was investigated as a possible predictor of frailty. The diagnostic ability of different cut-off points for the TUG test was evaluated using the ROC curve. RESULTS: ROC curve analysis for the TUG test, a value of eight seconds was identified as the good cut-off point for the screening of the frailty syndrome. The AUROC was 0.775, with a sensitivity of 85.0%, specificity of 59.5% and negative predictive value of 78.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the limitations of a single test to accomplish the overall complexity of frailty syndrome, in the present study, TUG test was a good screening tool in home-dwelling elderly.
Introdução: Atualmente, a sarcopenia tem sido considerada como importante fator de risco para a redução da mobilidade, aumento no número de quedas e fraturas; e, é comumente associada com um alto risco de hospitalização, institucionalização, dependência, piora da qualidade de vida e mortalidade. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de sarcopenia e o estado nutricional em idosos de um município do Sul do Brasil. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional, realizado com idosos do Sul do Brasil. A sarcopenia foi determinada de acordo com o critério European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2). O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo Questionário Mini Avaliação Nutricional (MAN). Aspectos socioeconômicos, demográficos e de desempenho físico foram descritos. Resultados: o estudo contou com uma amostra de 327 idosos; destes, 52,6% apresentaram provável sarcopenia, 23,7% obtiveram confirmação do diagnóstico de sarcopenia e 20,7% apresentavam sarcopenia severa de acordo com os critérios de EWGSOP2. Na avaliação do estado nutricional pela MAN, todos os idosos foram considerados com estado nutricional normais, porém 34,3% dos prováveis sarcopênicos apresentavam excesso de peso, enquanto 17,6% idosos apresentaram risco de desnutrição e 2% desnutridos. Conclusão: os dados apontam uma alta prevalência de idosos com provável sarcopenia (baixa força muscular) e excesso de peso (aumento da circunferência da cintura e índice de massa corporal), sugerindo um desequilíbrio energético nutricional desses idosos.
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