Background: The differential diagnosis between bacterial and viral meningitis is not easy in some cases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is essential for establishing this diagnosis. The objectives were to quantitate lactic acid (LA) concentrations in bacterial and viral meningitis, and other central nervous system (CNS) diseases in order to evaluate the diagnostic utility of CSF LA for discriminating bacterial from viral meningitis. Methods: CSF LA was measured in 139 CSF samples from seven groups: viral meningitis with classic CSF; suspicion of viral meningitis with neutrophils in CSF; bacterial meningitis; non-infectious neurological diseases; chronic meningitis; traumatic lumbar puncture (LP) and normal CSF. Results: CSF LA was higher in bacterial meningitis 8.7q5.4 mmol/L compared with viral meningitis (1.9q0.6) and the other groups (p-0.0001). CSF LA in the groups with viral meningitis was not different compared to groups with non-infectious CNS diseases and chronic meningitis. The ability of CSF LA to discriminate bacterial from viral meningitis showed a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 97%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 94%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 89%. Conclusions: CSF LA is a powerful test to discriminate bacterial from viral meningitis with high sensitivity,

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the main causes of mortality in the world. Dyslipidemia treatment can reduce the number of deaths caused by CVD, by decreasing the lipid profile. Evaluate the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up effectiveness in patients with dyslipidemia, regarding clinical and laboratory aspects. A quasi-experimental trial was performed in 12 months. The studied population was included patients with dyslipidemia who received a pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, which was evaluated according to the Pharmacotherapy Workup developed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed at the baseline, after a 6 and 12-months period. The statistical analyzes were performed with the normality test of Lilliefors, Cramer Von Misses, and Anderson Darling, later the t-paired test. This study demonstrated that after 6-months of intervention, statistically significant results were verified in the reduction of LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, increase in HDL-cholesterol, and reduction in the blood pressure. It was observed that for highrisk patients, the achievement of targets in the lipid profile and HbA1C occurred only after 12-months, because, this population needs more aggressive targets and expressive interventions. Pharmacotherapeutic follow-up in patients with dyslipidemia reduced lipid blood levels and promoted positive clinical and laboratory outcomes.