Results are presented from a search for the Higgs boson decay H → Zγ, where Z → ℓ+ℓ− with ℓ = e or μ. The search is performed using a sample of proton-proton (pp) collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. Events are assigned to mutually exclusive categories, which exploit differences in both event topology and kinematics of distinct Higgs production mechanisms to enhance signal sensitivity. The signal strength μ, defined as the product of the cross section and the branching fraction $$ \left[\sigma \left(\textrm{pp}\to \textrm{H}\right)\mathcal{B}\left(\textrm{H}\to \textrm{Z}\upgamma \right)\right] $$ σ pp → H B H → Zγ relative to the standard model prediction, is extracted from a simultaneous fit to the ℓ+ℓ−γ invariant mass distributions in all categories and is measured to be μ = 2.4 ± 0.9 for a Higgs boson mass of 125.38 GeV. The statistical significance of the observed excess of events is 2.7 standard deviations. This measurement corresponds to $$ \left[\sigma \left(\textrm{pp}\to \textrm{H}\right)\mathcal{B}\left(\textrm{H}\to \textrm{Z}\upgamma \right)\right]=0.21\pm 0.08 $$ σ pp → H B H → Zγ = 0.21 ± 0.08 pb. The observed (expected) upper limit at 95% confidence level on μ is 4.1 (1.8), where the expected limit is calculated under the background-only hypothesis. The ratio of branching fractions $$ \mathcal{B}\left(\textrm{H}\to \textrm{Z}\upgamma \right)/\mathcal{B}\left(\textrm{H}\to \upgamma \upgamma \right) $$ B H → Zγ / B H → γγ is measured to be $$ {1.5}_{-0.6}^{+0.7} $$ 1.5 − 0.6 + 0.7 , which agrees with the standard model prediction of 0.69 ± 0.04 at the 1.5 standard deviation level.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between language and total number of citations found among documents in journals written in English and other languages. We selected all the journals clustered together in the Journal Citation Reports 2014 under the subject category "Veterinary Sciences" and downloaded all the data registered between 1994-2013 by Web of Science for the journals that stated publishing documents in languages other than English. We classified each of these journals by quartile and extracted information regarding their impact factor, language(s) stated, country of origin, total number of documents published, total number of reviews published, percentage of documents published in English and the quartile in which each journal ranked. Of the 48,118 documents published by the 28 journals analyzed, 55.8% were published in English. Interestingly, although most of the journals state being multi-language, most documents published in quartile 1 journals were in English (an average of 99.2%), while the percentage was 93.1% in quartile 2 journals, 62.1% in quartile 3 journals and 27.4% in quartile 4 journals. We also confirmed that citation distribution in these journals was highly skewed. The results of this study suggest that journals should consider adopting English as the main language as this will increase citation counts and the impact factor of the journal. Keywords:Bibliometric. Impact factor. Multi-language. Scientific journal. Veterinary science. Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre a escolha do idioma e o número de citações, a partir da análise de revistas publicadas em inglês e em outras línguas. Foram selecionadas as revistas agrupadas no Journal Citation Reports de 2014 sob a categoria "ciências veterinárias", bem como os dados registrados na Web of Science entre 1994 e 2013 sobre as revistas que declararam documentos publicados em outro idioma que não o inglês. A seguir, as revistas foram classificadas por quartil, extraindo-se informações acerca de: índice de impacto, idioma(s) declarado(s), país de origem, número total de documentos publicados, número total de revisões publicadas, porcentagem de documentos publicados em inglês e quartil em
Background: Dual inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways have demonstrated promising results for treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and toxicity of combined treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and VEGF monoclonal antibodies for patients harboring activating EGFR mutations.Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane and EMBASE were searched for relevant randomized trials between 2000 and 2019. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and grade 3 or higher adverse events (AEs). Pooled hazard ratios (HR) for OS and PFS and odds ratios (OR) for ORR, DCR and toxicity were meta-analyzed using the generic inverse variance and the Mantel-Haenszel methods. Random-effect models were used to compute pooled estimates. Subgroup analyses compared PFS by gender, age, smoking status, type of EGFR mutation, intracranial disease and ECOG performance status.Results: A total of 1,246 patients from 6 trials were evaluated for analyses. Compared to EGFR inhibition alone, combination treatment decreased the risk of disease progression (PFS) (HR¼0.64; 95%CI 0.55-0.75), but not OS (HR¼0.90; 95%CI 0.68-1.19). There were a significantly increased number of AEs reported in the dual treatment arm (OR¼3.55; 95%CI 2.74-4.59), with proteinuria (OR¼14.55; 95%CI 4.47-47.4) and hypertension (OR¼7.02; 95%CI 4.73-10.43) being the most significantly increased AEs. Furthermore, no difference in ORR (OR¼0.86; 95%CI 0.65-1.12) and DCR (OR¼0.75; 95%CI 0.41-1.39) were found. The PFS benefit was consistent across all subgroups.Conclusions: This study suggests combined inhibition of EGFR and VEGF pathways significantly improves PFS, with no OS benefit demonstrated, and increases AEs. Mature OS data are needed to strengthen these results along with results from newer trials exploring this strategy with 3 rd generation EGFR-TKIs.
Sexual segregation is a common phenomenon among animals, particularly dimorphic ones. Although widely addressed, the reasons and consequences of sexual segregation are still an important topic in need of better understanding. In this study, we mainly evaluate the diet composition and feeding behaviour of animals, which are related to the use of different habitats by the sexes, a special case of sexual segregation also termed habitat segregation. Sexually size dimorphic males and females often have different energetic and nutritional needs and, thus, different diets. We collected fresh faecal samples from wild Iberian red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in Portugal. Samples were analysed in terms of diet composition and quality. As expected, both sexes differed in their diet composition, with males eating more arboreous species than females, but this difference was affected by sampling periods. Diet composition of both sexes had the biggest differences (and the lowest overlap) in spring, which corresponds to the end of gestation and beginning of birth. These differences might be a consequence of the sexual body size dimorphism characteristic of this species, as well as of different needs due to different reproductive costs. No differences regarding the quality of the excreted diet were observed. Our results may help to understand some patterns of sexual segregation observed in this red deer population. However, besides foraging ecology, other factors may also be contributing to sexual segregation in this Mediterranean population of red deer, and further studies focusing on sexual differences regarding feeding behaviour and digestibility are needed.
A search for the pair production of the lightest supersymmetric partner of the top quark, the top squark ($$ {\overset{\sim }{\textrm{t}}}_1 $$ t ~ 1 ), is presented. The search targets the four-body decay of the $$ {\overset{\sim }{\textrm{t}}}_1 $$ t ~ 1 , which is preferred when the mass difference between the top squark and the lightest supersymmetric particle is smaller than the mass of the W boson. This decay mode consists of a bottom quark, two other fermions, and the lightest neutralino ($$ {\overset{\sim }{\chi}}_1^0 $$ χ ~ 1 0 ), which is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. Events are selected using the presence of a high-momentum jet, an electron or muon with low transverse momentum, and a significant missing transverse momentum. The signal is selected based on a multivariate approach that is optimized for the difference between m($$ {\overset{\sim }{\textrm{t}}}_1 $$ t ~ 1 ) and m($$ {\overset{\sim }{\chi}}_1^0 $$ χ ~ 1 0 ). The contribution from leading background processes is estimated from data. No significant excess is observed above the expectation from standard model processes. The results of this search exclude top squarks at 95% confidence level for masses up to 480 and 700 GeV for m($$ {\overset{\sim }{\textrm{t}}}_1 $$ t ~ 1 ) − m($$ {\overset{\sim }{\chi}}_1^0 $$ χ ~ 1 0 ) = 10 and 80 GeV, respectively.
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