The issues related about trinomial the geological heritage, geodiversity and geoconservation emerged in the late twentieth century associated mainly to the preservation of nature. In this context, Brazil has shown a growing cadre of research related to the management and conservation of natural heritage. Thus, with the aim of contributing to the record, the knowledge, the preservation and disclosure of part of the national geological heritage, this work constitutes the scientific inventory of the municipality of São Sebastião, northern coast of São Paulo, added with the description, quantification and classification of points of geological interest. In general, the inventory and classification of these places were made from a defined geological context, called framework or thematic category, whose the main geoscientific aspect considered to exemplify the local geodiversity relates to amalgamation, evolution and fragmentation Supercontinente Gondwana, constituting significant tectonic events in geologic history of the region and influenced in the landscape configuration currently observed. The records of these events are found in several outcrops distributed by the municipality and are important in scientific, turistic and didatic areas. To achieve the project objectives, the methods used were adapted from the methodology suggested by Brilha (2005), based on the choice of geossítios through bibliographic survey of the region, extensive field work and finally, the integration of data, which resulted in drawing up a list of numerous points of geological interest of which nine were selected to become geossítios, corresponding to six outcrops in rock shores distributed by the municipality, an outcrop along ecotourism track on the Atlantic's Forest, a belvedere with geomorphological interest and an archipelago distant from the mainland about 50 km. To quantify the points of geological interested, two Brazilian methods were adopted: first proposed by the Geological Survey of Brazil (CPRM),available through GEOSSIT platform, and the second suggested by Pereira (2010). The results indicate areas that present local tourist value, others who are vulnerable and others who have scientific relevance, which can be used by college students for practical classes but that still require further research, as the example of islet Camburizinho. Moreover, these results were compared and discussed in order to propose management strategies and geoconservation to each geossítios described according to scientific relevance, susceptibility to human activities, possible uses and potential tourism, scientific and / or educational for them submitted. Among the strategies of geoconservation described include the implantation of panels, training of environmental monitors, website development and environmental education projects that involve both the surrounding community as too as tourists who frequent the area. The objective is to generate social development of the area in a sustainable manner to promote the geological heritage and promote geot...
Localizada no segmento central do Rifte Continental do Sudeste do Brasil, na porção leste do Estado de São Paulo, a Bacia de Taubaté ocupa uma área de aproximadamente 2400 km2. A região representa um local-chave no entendimento da história geológica associada ao pós-Gondwana, apresentando elevada geodiversidade que tem sido afetada tanto por atividades antrópicas quanto pela ação de processos naturais. Por este motivo, como forma de promover a geoconservação de afloramentos representativos no contexto de evolução do rifte, foi realizado o inventário do patrimônio geológico na região. Para abranger todo este contexto geológico, três categorias foram definidas: (i) abertura da bacia; (ii) deformação e deposição neógena; e (iii) deformação quaternária e evolução do relevo. Inicialmente 38 potenciais geossítios foram identificados por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, consulta a pesquisadores e trabalhos de campo. Após a etapa de campo, verificou-se que muitos dos pontos descritos na literatura foram destruídos ou encontram-se extremamente alterados, de modo que apenas 18 geossítios compõem o inventário final. A avaliação qualitativa do inventário revela que as ações antrópicas, tais como obras de infraestrutura e atividades de mineração, correspondem ao principal fator de perda da geodiversidade local. Por isso, os resultados deste inventário devem ser considerados nas políticas públicas de gestão territorial, possibilitando o prosseguimento de estudos futuros nestes locais, de forma a conservar a memória geocientífica deste importante segmento do sudeste do Brasil.
This work presents a method to identify, to evaluate and to quantify the losses of the offer of ecosystem services provided by geodiversity, using as a case study the Taubaté Basin region, a highly urbanized portion of southeastern São Paulo State, Brazil. Our method considers not only the qualitative analysis of the abiotic aspects, but also the historical and cultural context, in which the geodiversity elements are crucial for local economy development. The method is based on: i) Qualitative evaluation and definition of six Essential Geodiversity Variables (EGVs), used as the basis for the identification of 53 ecosystem services distributed into four functions: regulating, supporting, provisioning, and cultural; ii) Definition of land use categories based on two land use maps elaborated in order to compare the transformation occurred in the region between 1986 and 2016; iii) Quantification and evaluation of the impacts on the offer of ecosystem services caused by land use transformations occurred in region in a 30-year gap. The results showed that anthropogenic action is the main factor that alter the availability of local services, with emphasis on the supply of water, soils and mineral resources, and its potentially influence on the quality of life of certain species. We reinforce the view that public policies on land management and planning should consider the ecosystem assessment, as it provides evidence to propose actions to mitigate impacts and for environmental compensation, favoring the sustainable use of resources by society.
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