A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T OOb bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : Getting insight into pubescent health behaviors and related aspects is the initial step in improving lifelong health. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among physical activity levels (PALs), body mass index (BMI) and healthy lifestyle behaviors (HLBs) in adolescents in one of the rural districts of Turkey. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Participants were 749 14-18-year-old Turkish girls and boys in one of the rural districts of Turkey. Their physical characteristics like body weight (kg), height (cm) and BMI were determined. Participants completed the Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (PAAQ) and the Adolescent Lifestyle Profile Scale (ALP) for determination of physical activity level (PAL) and HLBs, respectively. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : The physical characteristics and BMI of girls and boys revealed gender related differences (p<0.05) whereas PAL did not show any gender related differences (p>0.05). The total health behavior scores of adolescents were found as above the average (111.77 (SD=11.81)). Results also indicated correlations, from low to moderate, between PAL and health responsibility, physical activity, positive life perspective, stress management, spiritual health subscales and total profiles (p<0.05). In contrast no significant relationship was found between PAL and nutrition and interpersonal relations (p>0.05). Moreover, there was no relationship between BMI and PAL, BMI and healthy life style profiles (p>0.05). C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : It was concluded that adolescents had gender related BMI differences as expected but did not have sufficient levels of PA and gender related changes in PALs and healthy life style choices were not different. In addition, we found no relationship among BMI, PAL & HLBs whereas PAL and ALP subscales and total profile were associated within the range of weak to moderate in boys, girls and total sample. K Ke ey yw wo or rd ds s: : Pubescent; health behaviors; exercise Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Ergen sağlık davranışları ve bununla ilişkili konuların iç yüzünü anlamak, yaşam boyu sağlığın geliştirilmesi için ilk basamaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'deki kırsal bölgelerden birinde yaşayan adölesanların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri (FAD), beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları (SYBD) arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Çalışmanın örnekle-mini yaşları 14-18 yıl olan 749 kız ve erkek adölesanlar oluşturmuştur. Katılımcıların öncelikle vücut ağırlığı (kg), boy uzunluğu (cm) ve BKİ gibi fiziksel özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının belirlenmesi için sırasıyla Fiziksel Aktivite Değerlendirme Anketi (FADA) ve Adölesan Yaşam Biçimi (AYB) Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Araştırma sonucuna göre, erkek ve kızların fiziksel özellikleri ve BKİ cinsiyete bağlı olarak farklılık gösterse ...

Participation in dance programs is associated with physical and psychosocial health among individuals with and without disabilities. However, literature centered on the dance participation experiences of youth with visual impairment remains scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of youth with visual impairments in a 3-week capoeira dance program. Fourteen adolescents with visual impairments (eight boys, six girls, aged 13–18 years old) were selected for participation in this qualitative inquiry. Participants engaged in a specially designed capoeira dance program led by trained instructors and volunteers in a metropolitan area in Turkey. The primary sources of data were semi-structured participant interviews completed after the conclusion of the program. Data were analyzed using a six-step thematic approach and recurrent themes were presented as findings. The authors constructed three themes in the data: (a) “capoeira makes me feel like I’m flying”: fun and freedom learning capoeira; (b) “I’ve never had this kind of close relationship with somebody”: relationships in capoeira training; and (c) “I’m a blind dancer. I did it, right?”: learning capoeira through sound and touch. Together, these findings indicate that dance programs such as capoeira can provide an opportunity for social connection, enjoyment, and physical activity for youth with visual impairments.

B u çalışmanın amacı farklı eğimlerde sabit hızda yürüyüş esnasında giyilebilir teknoloji (Sense-Wear Armband (SWA)) ile kestirilen enerji harcamasını (EH) indirek kalorimetrik yöntemle (İKY) karşılaştırarak geçerliğini değerlendirmektir. Araştırmaya düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapmayan yaş aralığı 25-51 olan 17 erkek ve kadın gönüllü katılmıştır. Katılımcılar koşu bandında 4.5 km.s-1 sabit hızda rastgele sıra ile-%10, %0, %5 ve %10 eğimlerde 10'ar dakika yürümüştür. Yürüyüş egzersizleri esnasında eş zamanlı olarak SWA (F1)'dan EH ve bir gaz analizörü (Quark b 2 , İtalya) ile oksijen tüketimi (VO 2) ve karbondioksit üretimi (VCO 2) ölçülmüştür. İKY'de EH hem gaz analiz sisteminden (Qb 2 (F2)) hem de Weir'in formülünden (F3) hesaplanmıştır. Farklı yöntem ve eğimlerin EH üzerine etkisi 3x4 (Yöntem x Eğim), İKY ve SWA'dan kestirilen MET cinsinden EH ise 2x4 (Yöntem x Eğim) tekrarlı ölçümlerde çift yönlü varyans analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Değişkenler arası ilişkiler Pearson Korelasyon Katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir. Farklı eğimlerde sabit A B S T R A C T T he aim of this study was to evaluate the estimated energy expenditure (EE) values obtained from wearable technology (SenseWear Armband (SWA)) and indirect calorimetry method (ICM) during walking at a constant speed at various grades. Seventeen nonactive adult men and women aged 25-51 years participated voluntarily in this study. EE was determined by using a gas analyzer (Quark b 2 , Italy), during walking on a treadmill at a constant walking speed of 4.5 km.h-1 , at random grades of-10%, 0%, 5% and 10% for 10 minutes. Simultaneously, EE was recorded by SWA (F1). Caloric equivalent for VO 2 was determined from gas analyzer (Qb 2 (F2)) as well as by using Weir Equation (F3). The effect of different methods and grades on EE was determined by 3x4 (Method x Grade) and the effects of different methods from IC and SWA on EE in METs was determined by 2x4 (Method x Grade) two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. To determine the associations between variables Pearson correlation analysis was used. While significant

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For individuals with vision loss (IWVL), exercise is of primary importance to optimize their functional mobility, functionality and activities of daily living. Enhancing aerobic capacity and muscle strength through exercise prescribing can help improve independent living and quality of life for IWVL. The aim of this review is to emphasize the importance of aerobic and strength exercises for underserved IWVL population by summarizing the information that will guide the basic exercise programs to improve living conditions. General guidelines for aerobic and strength exercise training for the IWVL are outlined with relevant images to contribute to build an effective exercise prescription.

The aim of this study was to examine the gender differences in postural balance, physical activity (PA), and body mass index (BMI) and body composition in visually impaired (VI) athletes. A total of 66 athletes took part in this study. After anthropometric measurements, the PA level was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. The modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance tool was used to assess postural balance in four standing conditions: (1) eyes-open on a firm surface, (2) eyes-closed on a firm surface, (3) eyes-open on a compliant surface, and (4) eyes closed on a compliant surface. Findings revealed gender differences in anthropometric measurements ( p < .05). No statistically significant differences were found in fat mass and fat free mass between sighted male and VI male athletes and between sighted female and VI female athletes ( p > .05). Weekly, high and moderate PA levels as well as walking were found to be different across the four groups ( p < .05). Assessment of postural balance in four standing conditions revealed no gender differences in sighted athletes ( p > .05). Postural balance scores in conditions 1 and 3 showed significant gender differences ( p < .05), whereas conditions 2 and 4 showed no gender differences in athletes with VI ( p > .05). Gender-matched differences were also apparent in conditions 1 and 3, revealing that VI male and female athletes scored worse in these conditions than their sighted male and female counterparts ( p < .05). There is a delay in balance parameter in VI athletes even if their fitness levels are similar with their sighted counterparts. The present findings could also be useful for gender-specific training session preparations in VI sports.

B ir MET, 3.5 ml.kg-1 .dk-1 VO 2 'ye karşılık gelmekte ve dinlenik metabolik hız (DMH) olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bununla beraber 1 MET değerinin yüksek olduğuna dair tartışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın üç amacı vardır; 1. DMH'nin kestiriminde SenseWear Armband'ın (SWA) geçerliğini belirlemek, 2. indirekt kalorimetrik yöntem (İKY) ve SWA ile belirlenen DMH'nin MET sistemi ile aralarındaki farkları saptamak, 3. DMH'nin vücut kompozisyonu ile arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmaya 25-55 yaş aralığında 28 erkek ve kadın gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. DMH, İKY ile ölçülmüş ve eş zamanlı olarak SWA ile enerji harcaması kayıt edilmiştir. VO 2 'nin kalorik eşdeğeri Weir'in (1949) formülü ile belirlenmiştir. SWA'dan belirlenen MET değerlerinin 1 MET'ten ve İKY ile ölçülen dinlenik VO 2 'nin 3.5 ml.kg-1 .dk-1 (1 MET)'ten farkı Tek Örneklem t Testi, iki yöntem arasındaki farklar Bağımlı Gruplarda t-Testi, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson'un Korelasyon katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir. SWA'dan saptanan MET (1.0 ± 0.12) A B S T R A C T O ne metabolic equivalent (MET) corresponds to 3.5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 VO 2 and is accepted as the resting metabolic rate (RMR). However, there have been arguments related with VO 2 equivalent of 1 MET (3.5 ml.kg-1. min-1); some arguments indicated that this value is relatively high and may lead to misclassification of physical activities. The present study has 3 purposes: 1. to determine the validity of SenseWear Armband (SWA) in predicting RMR; 2. to assess the differences between the MET system and RMRs determined by SWA and indirect calorimetry (IC) and 3. to evaluate the associations between body composition and RMRs determined by the two methods. Twenty-eight men and women (age range:25-55 yrs) participated in the study voluntarily. RMR was determined by IC by measuring VO 2 and CO 2. Energy consumption was recorded simultaneously with SWA. Caloric equivalent of VO 2 was determined by Weir's equation (1949). Differences between 1 MET and SWA-measured MET values and between resting VO 2 measured by IC and 3.5 ml.kg-1 .min-1 were de

Mental skills training strategies should be beneficial for a variety of different skills, age groups and special populations. The purpose of the present research were twofold; initially to examine performance strategies in various sport situations used by volleyball, sitting volleyball and amputee soccer players, and comparing it among the sports; and secondly, whether the current performance level of athletes and the years participating in sport would show a significant difference in their application of psychological skills during practice and competition. The refined version of Test of Performance Strategies (TOPS) was administrated to athletes (N=309) competing across a range of performance standards in volleyball, sitting volleyball and amputee soccer sports. Results revealed that, relative to competition strategies, participants scored highest on activation and lowest on relaxation (4.10±0.52; 3.03±0=1.04, respectively) and in practice environment they scored highest on self-talk and lowest on relaxation (3.84±0=.91; 2.80±0.98, respectively). Examination of the results showed moderately strong correlations among m any of the strategies in both competition and practice environments (P<0.01). Additionally, comparison of mental skills and strategies usage according to sports, discovered significant sport specific variations both in competition and practice settings (P<0.01). Investigation of current performance level differences in psychological skills and strategies explored differences among international, national and club level athletes (P<0.01). Exploration of years participating in sport comparison has also discovered differences among groups (P<0.01). These findings provide a unique insight into the mental skill usage of athletes with physical disabilities and their application to practise and environment settings.