Introduction: Evaluation in higher education has been the focus of curriculum development in recent decades to improve the quality of curricula. Comparing existing programs with similar programs at the world's top universities with a comparative approach is one of the methods used in evaluating programs. The purpose of this study was to compare the Master of Nursing Management curriculum in Iran with UC Davis University of California. Methods: This descriptive-comparative study was carried out in 2018, data were collected by searching the internet with the key words of nursing, nursing education, curriculum, California UC Davis and Iran, and using Bereday's four-stage model: description, interpretation, juxta position and comparison were analyzed. Results: Both programs showed similar approaches to theoretical and clinical teaching, except that peer learning, distance learning, and preceptorship were found at Yves Davis University. The job duties mentioned for graduates in the MA and US Davis Master's Degree Programs also indicate that the "Management-Leadership" tasks are similar in both programs, but given the educational content, the Iranian program was more practical and its main focus is management, leadership, and policymaking in clinical settings. While at UC Davis University, nurses are prepared for leadership roles in the care system and faculty at colleges and specialist nurses in community. Conclusion: Iranian universities have paid more attention to the practical and clinical aspects of MSc in Nursing Management and its main purpose is to train the Executive Specialists. It seems that incorporating training units into the course content, considering the clinical nature of the curriculum, is effective in enhancing students' ability

Introduction: Considering the world's most successful educational systems is an indication for the institutionalization of an effective system and comparing different educational systems will promote the content and quality of the curriculum.

Background: Hypertension is a risk factor that may lead to development of Atherosclerosis (ATS). Recent studies have emphasized on the importance of high blood pressure and cholesterol on cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to simultaneously examine factors that affect total cholesterol (TC), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) using the mixed response model. Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised of 245 participants, hospitalized at Shahid Madani state hospital, Khorramabad-Iran diagnosed with ATS in fall and winter 2014. The method of sampling was convenience sampling and the participants were selected through census of all the patients hospitalized in different cardiac wards, except for angiography. Results: Systolic blood pressure was significantly associated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P = 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.021), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P = 0.004), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.002). In addition, FBG (P=0.002), CRP (P = 0.011) and LDL-C (P = 0.027) levels were significantly associated with DBP. It was revealed that age (P = 0.016), smoking (P = 0.010), triglyceride (TG) (P = 0.001) and FBG (P = 0.021) were significantly associated with TC. Conclusions: Cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent and there are many risk factors. Therefore, it is necessary to provide proper education on changing life style and preventing the disease.

BACKGROUND: One of the most prevalent problems of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the uncertainty over an indefinite future. Uncertainty has significant effects on quality of life. The aim of this study was to explore uncertainty and personal strategies to cope with it among patients with SLE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted in 2020–2021 using conventional content analysis. Participants were 21 patients with SLE who were purposefully selected from rheumatology clinics in Kashan, Kerman, and Bandar Abbass in Iran. Data collection was performed using face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews and was continued up to data saturation. Data were analyzed concurrently with data collection through conventional content analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. RESULTS: Two main themes, namely, “life in the fog” and “attempt to find peace” emerged from patients’ experiences of illness uncertainty of SLE. Life in the fog included three main categories of “perception of threat to health”, “challenge of doubt and certainty,” and “indefinite future.” Attempt to find peace included three main categories of “spirituality,” “reflection,” and “attempt to acquire SLE-related knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: Uncertainty is a major psychological stress for patients with SLE. Healthcare providers should therefore consider the challenges and concerns faced by patients and, through utilizing appropriate training and communicational practices, plan interventions and strategies to empower patients for coping with uncertainty.

Background: Despite the advantages of the internet for human life, nowadays, as a double-edged sword, this new communication technology has caused problems such as internet addiction, especially for the young people and students. Identifying the factors related to such an addictive behavior is of especial importance, both because of its general consequences and because of the specific nature of the student stratum. The present study was conducted to identify the extent of and factors related to internet addiction in students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in the academic year 2013 on newly arrived students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (N=253). The data collection instrument was a two-part questionnaire including students’ demographic characteristics, and questions related to internet addiction assessment (internet addiction test [IAT]), in which a score above 49 was related to pathological internet addiction and a score below or equal to 49 was considered normal. The analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software version 16.0. The significance level of 0.05 was considered for all the above tests. Results: The data analysis indicated that 196 (96%) respondents were with non-pathological internet addiction and 8 respondents (4%) had pathological internet addiction. There was also a significant relationship between age and internet addiction; however, sex and marital status variables had no significant relationship with this phenomenon. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the participants mostly had mild levels of internet addiction, which can be related to the time of study regarding newly arrived students and concerns about it such as the entrance exam. Students who are about entering the university spend most of their time reviewing the required courses for the entrance exam due to the importance of the exam, and it seems that they often less likely use the internet. Nonetheless, it is important to consider the internet addiction as a problem regarding the overall results of studies in this area.