Literature and society are a way of looking at problems in society. Literature not only functions as entertainment, but it may also represent socio-political problems. Some literary works even carry more roles as both a reflection of such issues and a means of protest against them, including human rights violations. This paper examines how Indonesian literature has reflected human rights breaches, such as oppression in Indonesia during the New Order era. This qualitative research was conducted through direct documentation. The research revealed that the regime punished any individuals, groups, or institutions which tried to challenge its policy by the name of national stability. Some writers, such as Putu Wijaya, used anecdotes to protest against such oppression. He was a prolific Indonesian writer whose works often expose socio-political issues, such as human rights violations in Indonesia. His writings suggest his disagreement with such abuses. The three short stories investigated here "Sket," "Mulut," and "Rakyat" represent Putu Wijaya's dissent with the violence performed by the apparatus of the regime. Playing his role as a literary activist, Putu uses these stories to remind rights perpetrators that such cases as seen in the stories have taken place and might take place somewhere in Indonesia.
Right after the fall of Suharto’s regime, Indonesia has undergone tremendous changes in almost all aspects of life: political, economic, social, cultural, and possibly ideological lives. The changes bring new breaths to Indonesian future, especially in the area of women’s rights. This article discusses the issue of women’s rights in Indonesia based on a textual analysis. The purpose of this writing is to investigate the representation of women’s rights issues in some stories of The Jakarta Post, one of the most popular media which has also played an important role in popularizing and spreading such issues. Postcolonial criticism is used to see how the stories portray the issues of women’s rights, particularly gender equality and marginality. To study the issues, this analysis looks at two short stories: “Gender Equality” by Iwan Setiawan and “Street Smart Mom” by Eric Musa Piliang. The two stories represent the fact that Indonesian women fight against colonization for their rights in some different ways, as a smart wife and a poor street mother. The stories signal that Indonesian women struggle to escape from colonization through some actions such as moving forward to the center of power by maintaining superiority against men and living their lives as they wish in spite of being poor.
The problem of ecological crisis and exploitation of women is a topic that is often discussed today because it occurs in various parts of the world. The natural conditions and fate of women both in developing and developed countries are in an alarming condition because the development and exploitation of nature causes water, soil and air pollution. Women who use nature for their daily needs with development are forced to become objects of capitalist patriarchal exploitation. In addition, the degradation of nature due to the interference of science and technology causes the degradation of natural ecosystems so that the survival of other living things such as plants and animals is disrupted. This descriptive study aims to examine the issue of ecological crisis and exploitation of women found in the novel Surfacing by Margaret Atwood by using the ecofeminism theory of Vandana Shiva and Maria Mies. This research uses 3 variables: 1. Reduction of women's uterus, 2. Development, 3. Exploitation . This research is a library research. To see the colors of representation, researchers used the theory of ecofeminism introduced by Vandana Shiva and Maria Mies. The results showed an ecological crisis and exploitation of women found in the novel Surfacing, namely (1) the reduction of the womb of women with the presence of modern science, (2) pornography of women and exploitation of animals for commercial purposes, (3) development and illegal logging for various interests industry
The analysis of this study uses the semiotic analysis of Roland Barthes' model with the use of two-stage significance, namely denotative meaning and connotative meaning. The results that the denotation meaning or the real meaning of Tanah Pusako (inheritance landis) the land where women live in the Minangkabau custom which is inhabited for generations by women. Meanwhile, the connotative or additional meaning of Tanah Pusako is the place where women live for generations, so the additional meaning is that pusako property is an inheritance from the Minangkabau people so that the ownership is not private but belongs to the people so it is forbidden to sell it. As for the myths or culture that has become the ideology or belief of the people regarding Pusako Land is land that belongs to the people so it is not privately owned if someone sells the pusako land, there will be many calamities befalling the person selling the pusako land (among them, will experience poverty, calamity , or being sworn in by the former ancestors who occupied Tanah Pusako so that they will experience a lot of suffering in life).
The research examined the life’s perspective of the author that was reflected in wabi sabi in the novel ‘Joseito’ by Dazai Osamu. The life of the Joseito character described by Dazai Osamu in the Joseito novel had individual values (honne), and Joseito desired to equate it with collective values (tatemae). However, Joseito could not unite the two contradictory values and accepted the contradiction. The method used was descriptive qualitative, with the sociology of literature approach and focused on the sociology of the author using the concept of wabi sabi. Data on wabi sabi were collected from reading Joseito’s novels. The research results find that Dazai Osamu sincerely accepts the contradictions in Japanese society because Dazai can place himself where he is. Dazai is willing to accept contradictions in Japanese society by understanding the meaning of wabi sabi. He learns to appreciate, accept what it is, and be grateful for the contradictions in society because these contradictions can establish harmony in a beautifully ordered life through wabi sabi.
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