Objectives:To estimate the rate of the Pilonidal disease (PND) recurrence and to evaluate the associated predictors of the recurrence.Methods:This is a retrospective study, conducted at King Fahd Hospital of the University in Alkhobar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia over a period of 10 years from January 2003 until December 2013.Results:A study of 366 with PND, 19 of those were identified as secondary cases and excluded. Most involved 347 patients were Saudi (82.1%), single (87%), and men (93.1%). The mean age of the sample was 23 ± 8 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 29.7 ± 6 Kg/m2. Overall recurrence rate after the surgical management was found in 25 patients (7.2%). By logistic regression to the recurrence group, young age group, prolong sitting and BMI may increase the likelihood of the disease recurrence.Conclusion:Pilonidal disease still has challenges in its management. Treatment should depend on the extent and severity of the disease. The recurrence rate in this study is approximately 7.2%. The most predominate factors associated with recurrence were prolong sitting job, young age group, and high BMI.

Background:The prevalence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is high in the Arab region. There is a lack of studies from the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia highlighting the associated risk factors and demonstrating the effectiveness of surgical management.Objectives:To identify risk factors associated with primary spontaneous pneumothorax and to correlate the effectiveness of surgical management with the rate of disease recurrence.Subjects and Methods:This retrospective chart review included adult patients who presented with primary spontaneous pneumothorax and were managed at King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia, from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014. The results are presented as arithmetic mean for quantitative data, and chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:In total, 151 patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax were included, with the majority being male (98.7%) and Saudis (88.7%). The mean age was 24 ± 6 years (range: 13–49 years), mean height 171 ± 8 cm (range: 144–193 cm) and mean body mass index 19.2 ± 3.8 kg/m2 (range: 13.3–39.0 kg/m2). About 62% of the patients were smokers. Ten patients had an ipsilateral recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax after the first episode was successfully managed. Surgical exploration after the first episode itself was found to significantly reduce the recurrence rate. The study found that in the management of these patients, there was a shift from conventional open thoracotomy to the minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery method.Conclusions:The risk factors for primary spontaneous pneumothorax in this study were consistent with the current literature. Surgical exploration after the first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax significantly reduces the recurrence rate and there is a paradigm shift toward a less invasive surgical approach in managing these patients.

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