The effects of Al2O3 nanoparticles on the precipitation behavior of CaCO3 and on the anti-scale performance of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) in CaCO3 growth solution were studied by means of solution analysis, gravimetric
methods, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results illustrate that Al2O3 nanoparticles had little effect on the concentration of calcium ions in the test solution without PBTCA, but significantly changed the
form and morphology of calcium carbonate crystals, which were transformed from calcite to aragonite. As a commonly used and effective scale inhibitor, PBTCA showed good Ca2+ retention ability in the test solution, distorting the calcite crystal lattice and promoting the formation
of vaterite. When Al2O3 nanoparticles co-existed with PBTCA in the test solution, calcium carbonate was more likely to precipitate, and the Ca2+ retention ability of PBTCA reduced. A newly designed gravimetric method was used to evaluate the scale inhibition
performance of Al2O3 nanoparticles on the heat exchange surface. When the concentration of Al2O3 nanoparticles reached 1 g/L, the surface scale inhibition efficiency of Al2O3 nanoparticles exceeded 80%.
The influence of Al2O3 nanoparticles on corrosion inhibition of benzotriazole (BTA) in brass/ simulated water system was studied by potentiodynamic polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that BTA has good corrosion inhibition effect on brass. Al2O3 nanoparticles could reduce the corrosion inhibition performance of BTA. The higher the concentration of Al2O3 nanoparticles in simulated water, the lower corrosion inhibition performance of BTA. The isothermal adsorption of BTA on brass surface in simulated water and Al2O3 nanofluids was analyzed. The results indicated that the adsorption of BTA on brass surface followed the Langmuirs' adsorption isotherm, the adsorption Gibbs free energy ΔG was less than -40 kJ/mol, corresponding to chemical adsorption, in both simulated water and Al2O3 nanofluids. The -ΔG value of BTA on brass surface decreased in Al2O3 nanofluids, indicating the weakening of the BTA adsorption on the brass surface. Surface analysis of brass samples by optical microscope and X-ray diffraction confirmed the above results.
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