With grain processing technology developing fast, lots of broken rice have been wasted every year. Reconstituted rice, as a rice byproduct, has higher nutrient value and rich flavor than natural rice. This paper aims to prepare a kind of reconstituted rice in broken rice, oats, soybeans, and potato starch with good taste and nutrients by extrusion puffing technology. The combined effect of oatmeal powder (20%), soybean flour (10%), potato starch (20%), squeeze temperature (80 °C), material moisture (31%), and screw speed (160 rpm) was used to formulate the product. The results showed that the absorbent rate, volume expansion rate, and blue iodine value of the reconstituted rice were significantly lower than native rice, while the solid dissolved material of rice soup was higher than that of native rice (p < 0.05). Increased hardness and chewiness and decreased elasticity and adhesion were obtained by texture determination. The paste properties of reconstituted rice were more lacking than that of natural rice. With respect to rheological properties, reconstituted rice was more viscous, while natural rice was more elastic. With respect to thermodynamics, the starting, end, and peak temperatures of reconstituted rice were higher than natural rice. Thus, reconstituted rice could improve the utilization of broken rice, enhance the deep processing of potato starch, drive the consumption of grains, and improve the value of products attached in the future.
Astronautical mutagenesis is a new and security agricultural breeding technique in recent decades. There are very large differences in physical environment between space and ground. After returning to the ground, new varieties are bred by the conventional breeding techniques. There are rich genetic types in mutagenesis. In this paper, “Longmu 801” alfalfa seeds were carried by “Shijian-8” recoverable satellite and some new types were selected and bred. The genetic variation of 11 mutated lines and their CK were identified by RAPD analysis, determination of leaf protein concentrates (LPC) and crude protein. For genetic identification, 100 primers were tested and 19 primers were selected in RAPD amplification. The amplified bands and polymorphic sites were rich. Polymorphism points and ratios of polymorphism point were statistical in detail. They were 326 and 15.04% respectively. For quality identification, it was compared with yields of alfalfa LPC and crude protein contents. The results showed that the range of yields of LPC was 6.52%-7.65%, range of nitrogen content was 43.79%-52.38%. Comparing with CK, variation ranges were -3.99%-+12.99% and -4.45%-+12.49%.
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