Vibration Assisted Burnishing (VAB) is an advanced burnishing form incorporating dynamic force resulting from vibration into burnishing not only to change the loading type and contact method to greatly reduce friction and wear, but also to produce an excellent nanocrystalline surface by severe plastic deformation induced by high speed impact. The expression describing the relation between decrease of surface roughness and ball burnishing force is given. The dynamic model of ball VAB is established. The relations between VAB depth, VAB force and VAB time and their maximum values are derived, and the required maximum power of the vibration generator is then obtained. The theoretical equivalent burnishing force of ball VAB is only about 47.55% that of conventional burnishing, which prove validity of ball VAB.
Burnishing is an important mechanical surface enhancement technique which can smooth the component surface and improve the component’s fatigue, wear and anti-corrosion properties. Fretting tests lubricated with mineral oil were performed on a pure copper (PC) against a Si3N4 ball. The burnished surface exhibited a significantly improved fretting wear resistance and higher friction coefficient in comparison with the coarse-grained (CG) form. The wear volume of the burnished PC is quite lower than that of the CG PC. The friction coefficient of the CG PC increases with an increasing load, while the friction coefficient of burnished PC decreases with an increasing load up to 100N and then increases. The enhanced wear properties of the burnished surface are correlated with the compressive residual stress and work-hardening, which may partly result from grain refinement induced by burnishing.
Long Non-Coding Ribonucleic Acid Disrupted in Renal Carcinoma 3 effect on Prostate Cancer Drug resistance is the leading cause of death in prostate cancer patients. Therefore, exploring the mechanism underlying drug resistance of prostate cancer and identifying novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in several tumor types. However, to date, no study has investigated the biological function of long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 in prostate cancer. Gene expression was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and Western blot. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The interactions between long non-coding ribonucleic acid and microRNA, microRNA and messengerRNA were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis and confirmed by a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 was down-regulated in drug-resistant prostate cancer tissues and cell lines. Over expression of long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 overcome the drug resistance of PC-3/R and DU-145/R to docetaxel by down-regulating drugresistance related lung resistance protein, P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein. Long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 sponged microRNA-24-3p in PC-3/R and DU-145/R to up-regulate KIT ligand. MicroRNA-24-3p/KIT ligand mediated the effect of long noncoding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 overexpression on docetaxel-resistance of prostate cancer cells. Long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 overcome drug resistance of docetaxel-tolerated prostate cancer cells to docetaxel via the microRNA-24-3p/KIT ligand axis. Our study revealed that long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted in renal carcinoma 3 was a potential therapeutic target in overcoming docetaxel resistance for prostate cancer patients.
. An analytical model is developed for the prediction of residual stresses in burnishing. The model is simplified as a concentrated force pressing on elastic-plastic half-space using the solution to the Boussinesq-Flament problem. The treated material admits the elastic-plastic properties with hardening using a power law constitutive relation. Trial computation using Johnson-Cook model on AISI 1042 steel is presented and the results are verified with the experimental results given by Bouzid’s previous work. The residual stresses in the feed direction show the same trend with the experimental results while some differences still exist near the surface because of the concentrated normal force assumption and such stresses increase with the increase of burnishing force, decrease with the increase of depth and turn to zero beyond the plastic deformation boundary.
Burnishing, an ultra-precision superficial plastic deformation process, is used increasingly as a surface enhancement finishing treatment after machining operations not only to give a mirror-like and work-hardened surface but also to impose favorable compressive residual stress in it. To analyze the feasibility of turning-burnishing hybrid process, the Taguchi’s L27(313) orthogonal array method with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the influence of the initial turning process on surface integrity of roller burnished AISI 1045 steel such as surface roughness, surface microhardness. three turning parameters, namely the cutting feed, cutting depth and cutting speed, three burnishing parameters, namely the burnishing feed, burnishing depth and burnishing speed were selected as the experimental factors in Taguchi’s design of experiments to determine which one has the dominant influence and how it works on burnishing effects, namely the surface roughness and surface microhardness, the interactions between cutting feed, burnishing feed and burnishing depth were considered. The experimental results agreed well with the theoretical analysis and the conclusion is cutting feed has dominant influence on burnished surface integrity.
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