Summary
Lung cancer is an extremely heterogeneous disease, and its treatment remains one of the most challenging tasks in medicine. Few existing laboratory lung cancer models can faithfully recapitulate the diversity of the disease and predict therapy response. Here, we establish 12 patient-derived organoids from the most common lung cancer subtype, lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Extensive gene and histopathology profiling show that the tumor organoids retain the histological architectures, genomic landscapes, and gene expression profiles of their parental tumors. Patient-derived lung cancer organoids are amenable for biomarker identification and high-throughput drug screening
in vitro
. This study should enable the generation of patient-derived lung cancer organoid lines, which can be used to further the understanding of lung cancer pathophysiology and to assess drug response in personalized medicine.
Although the concepts of relational and contractual governance in inter-organizational relationships have attracted academic and practitioner interest over the last decades, to date there have been limited comprehensive and systematic efforts to review, analyse and synthesise extant literature. We review and analyse 1,415 publications identified from a wide range of management disciplines and journals from 1990 to 2018. We deploy bibliographic and content analyses to offer a comprehensive literature analyses and synthesis and subsequently develop and position a multidimensional framework of exchange governance. The proposed framework covers existing conceptualisations of exchange governance and its diverse mechanisms, environmental dimensions influencing the use of exchange governance mechanisms and performance implications. We uncover areas that are currently under-studied and draw out fruitful future research avenues.
Screen printing is an important technique for creating 2D conductive patterns with high conductivity and resolution. Non‐conductive additives are thus required in printable ink formulation in order to achieve appropriate viscosity and rheological behaviors. However, it is still a challenge to recover the conductivity of the printed networks after screen printing, while keeping the integrity of the patterns during repeated water‐washing. Herein, a series of post‐treatments are introduced into the washing process in order to achieve high‐quality silver nanowire (Ag NW) transparent conductive films. Screen‐printed patterns can be well maintained because of the enhanced adhesion between the Ag NW networks and flexible poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates. High‐performance transparent conductive film with extremely low sheet resistance (0.72 Ω sq−1) is achieved by combining plasma treatment, thermal annealing, and high pressure, making screen‐printed Ag NW conductive networks promising to be used in the next‐generation flexible optoelectronic devices.
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