This article derives and provides a theoretical analysis for the mechanical erosion of carbon-base materials in ablation. The theory of mechanical erosion based on a nondimensional critical roughness parameter is proposed. The important parameters in this analytical method are independent of the test. The analysis accounts for the heating, pressure, and shear forces acting on material particles exposed to the boundary-layer flow. For the validity of a theoretical analytical method a computational example is given. The theoretical results agree fairly with the experimental data.Nomenclature a = characteristic height of ablated filler particle C f = skin friction coefficient d -particle size h -height of exposed filler particle hs = equivalent sand roughness M = average molecular weight of gas phase at wall m = mass loss rate p = static pressure Q -drag force R -universal gas constant S = surface recession rate T = wall temperature t = time u c = boundary-layer-edge velocity x = surface distance j8 = fraction of particle surface attached to surrounding matrix AS = surface recession p = surface density of heat shield p e = density at boundary-layer edge p w = gas density at wall a = tensile stress cr u = ultimate strength of particle-matrix bound Subscripts b -binder material c = based on thermochemical mass removal rate of " carbon element ch = based on thermochemical ablation theory cr = point of filler particle removal / = filler material m = maximum value me = based on mechanical erosion theory to = total Presented as Paper
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