Objectives: This study aims to measure the impact of graduate skills on job challenges in the labor market in Kosovo and also to measure the relationship between graduates' challenges at work and demographic characteristics (age, gender, educational level, and training). Methods: Quantitative methods were used to conduct this research, using a structured questionnaire. The study population was graduate students in the last five years in Kosovo, and the sample included 400 students according to Slovin's formula. Findings: Based on the research results, the acquired skills were inversely proportional to the challenges of the graduates in the labor market. According to the multiple linear regression, it turned out that the students' skills negatively affected their challenges. Also, the T-test and ANOVA showed significant results concerning gender, age, and training. Novelty/improvement: Through this research, higher education institutions receive feedback on what needs more attention to better prepare students to face the job market. Hence, the research will contribute to improving the quality of teaching and reducing the challenges graduates face in the labor market. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-02-014 Full Text: PDF

Women, 60 years earlier demanded their basic rights, employment rights, education and equal right with men in societyespecially, their rights in their family. Nowadays, women lend a hand to the world with combination of huge sacrifice, hard work and vision. Their skills are performed in high performance and education gained brought them into a position of power and influence in business, political participation and influence in society. As we can see, a woman in the world today plays crucial part in society as well in economic development. Why has the expansion of women's economic ,education and political rights coincided with economic development in one society? A radical change is taking place in the world, which includes the changes in relation to their work places, their homes, markets, and peaceful struggle for influence women greater participation in politic as well as in society. Women, today earn a lots of money from her work and those money they spend on products that they wish facilitate her life. It is also well known that women saves her money and also have the knowledge to invest them in correct way . Today, one billion women participate in the global job -this number will going to grow to 1.2 billion over the five next years. It's already the time to understand that "The Economy which will be oriented to women will have a big impact on the global economy ". After the war (1999), political developments, have naturally given their own impact on social and in economic development of Kosovo. The work on this article is doing by used all data concerning for the impact of Kosova's women in society but also in the economy, have seen under perspective of increasing its role in society and in the economy. The analysis show also their leadership role in public and private sector as well, convinced that if a women empower economically the society will develops economically too and we are trying to understand themselves and the perception of women in this process and their commitment. As the primary data for preparation of this article we were conducted using questionnaires from 35 Kosovo's women from urban and rural areas that have made to understand us, their role in economic development. And as a secondary data were used published reports by relevant Kosovo Institutions and books by different authors.

After 1999, Kosovo has undergone not only politically major changes but also social and economic development. This paper has to focus, researching on all information pertaining to women, seen from the perspective of increasing her role in society and the economy of Kosovo. Is analyzed the participation of Kosovas's women in the labor process, leadership and decision making positions and their leadership in public organizations and private economic power with women in the world. Women confront many challenges in front of men on their way to career, because they are affected by the patriarchal tradition that is still present in Kosovo. Also, through analysis, public policy on gender equality programs in support of women's entrepreneurship we are trying to understand themselves and the perception of women in this process and their commitment. Obviously, in this paper as a starting point contributed a number of authors, books, reports and articles of international organizations, which in their essence prove that a developed country has economically empowered women. As well research provides an overview of the results and interpretation of the data provides the quantitative research conducted through questionnaire and interviews.

The application of co-creation is important and traditionally proves that banks that offer products and services without taking into account the opinions and recommendations of customers have the opportunity to remain focused on the bank and not be successful (Keshavarz & Jamshidi, 2018). In many organizations, especially those dealing with services, customer satisfaction is considered a challenge. Customer satisfaction influences customer loyalty and a loyal customer is a constant source of revenue, and satisfied customers do not focus on replacement products found on the market. From this, we conclude that customer satisfaction increases loyalty and reduces opposition to the products and services that the company offers (Jaakkola, Helkkula, & Aarikkula-Stenroos, 2015). This study aims to measure the impact of co-creation value through the DART (dialogue, access, risk assessment, and transparency) model on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The method used to answer the research questions is the quantitative method, where data were collected through primary research; the population of this study is the customers of all commercial banks in Kosovo, where the sample was 300 customers of randomly selected banks. Based on the research results, referring to Spearman’s rho correlation we conclude that co-creation with customer satisfaction and customer loyalty are in direct proportion. According to the ordinary least squares (OLS) model, we conclude that co-creation affects customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Through this research, banking structures have the opportunity to increase customer satisfaction and create loyalty to customers through the co-creation process, strengthening its components such as dialogue, access, risk assessment, and transparency.

This study aims to analyze the effect of marketing strategies on creating competitive advantage through strategies such as customized products strategy, pricing strategy, distribution strategy, promotion strategy, and innovation orientation strategy. The study was carried out on the basis of primary data, where part of the quantitative research were 15 categorized dairies, with low capacity (300-3,000 liters per day), with medium capacity (5,000-100,000 liters per day), and with high capacity (over 100,000 liters per day). From these dairies, 150 workers in leadership positions were surveyed, from which the marketing strategy with the greatest impact on creating competitive advantages was identified. Questionnaires were physically distributed and data were processed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 26. Based on the multiple regression analysis, it was found that there is a statistically significant correlation that marketing strategies affect the creation of competitive advantage based on the value of R-square = 0.787, where customized products strategy, price strategy, and distribution strategy were found as important strategies. While innovation strategy and promotion strategy left the model due to the increased value of significance p > 0.05. Through this study, the dairy industry receives feedback on the type of strategy that should be used to create a competitive advantage, more so in the specific case where imports are very high and competition is very fierce.