Organic semiconductors are usually not thought to show outstanding performance in highlyintegrated, sub 100 nm transistors. Consequently, single-crystalline materials such as SWCNTs, MoS2 or inorganic semiconductors are the material of choice at these nanoscopic dimensions. Here, we show that using a novel vertical field-effect transistor design with a channel length of only 40 nm and a footprint of 2 x 80 x 80 nm², high electrical performance with organic polymers can be realized when using electrolyte gating. Our organic transistors combine high on-state current densities of above 3 MA/cm², on/off current modulation ratios of up to 10 8 and large transconductances of up to 5000 S/m. Given the high on-state currents at yet large on/off ratios, our novel structures also show promise for use in artificial neural networks, where they could operate as memristive devices with sub 100 fJ energy usage.

Optothermal control of fluid motion has been suggested as a powerful way of controlling nanomaterials in micro- or nanofluidic samples. Methods based on merely thermal convection, however, often rely on high temperature for achieving fluid velocities suitable for most practical uses. Here, we demonstrate an optofluidic approach based on Marangoni or thermocapillary convection to steer and manipulate nano-objects with high accuracy at an air/liquid interface. By experiments and numerical simulations, we show that the fluid velocities achieved by this approach are more than three orders of magnitude stronger compared to natural convection and that it is possible to control the transport and position of single plasmonic nanoparticles over micrometer distances with high accuracy.