With the aim of achieving the fourth, fifth and sixth Millennium Development goals, since 2000 Rwanda has been striving to put much effort in reinforcing the Community Based Health Insurance scheme (CBHI). The scheme is known to be covering the largest percentage of the poorer population. Its implementation had recorded success from year to year, whereby the trend went from 1% of coverage in 2000 to 91% in 2010. However, the quick recovery of Rwanda and the success in achieving global goal of healthcare for all, there are undocumented facets of health system management that need to be documented (health care standards and poor services offered to people under CBHI policy and the mismanagement of CBHI funds). Through various documentations (local newspapers, researches), this study has addressed the roots of the above healthcare ethical issues and strategies to mitigate the extent of the problem. Firstly, Rwandan education system should train more nurses and doctors in order to increase the number of workforce in Rwandan health system. Secondly, put in place incentive mechanism to retain the existing health professionals and attract the new ones working in rural areas. Thirdly, offering more ethics related training programs to nurses and other health facilities' staff who deal with patients. Finally, Rwandan government with other key stakeholders should rethink CBHI structure by formalizing relationship between CBHI sections at local level and the national board in charge (RSSB) as a well-structured institution in order to avoid a bizarre and recurring mismanagement of CBHI funds.
Zion Temple Celebration Center (ZTCC) as a Pentecostal independent church in Rwanda which originated from the shadow period of 1994 genocide has attracted a large number of members from other existing churches and other new converted members. In this essay's contribution responds to the following questions: (i).Does the motivation of ZTCC members to pay tithes and give offerings associated with the church teachings and programs? (ii).Do these teachings and programs empower church's members in improving their social and economic conditions? The research revealed that through biblical messages, ZTCC had built a foundation by which development process can be lay on within a community that was coming from a desperate situation to the level of embracing self-acceptance, forgiveness and reconciliation. The methodology of clustering teaching programs in respect of subgroups (youth and young professionals, businessmen, couples, widows, etc.) that attend church services has converted the abstract of biblical messages into applicable and achievable principles in day to day life with aim to improve their living conditions and be more proactive. In fact, there are signs of evidences that show the contribution of ZTCC in life improvement of its members more building capacity at individual level than at community level as a whole. The trust and attachment to their church has made members to feel committed to sustain church's expenses by paying tithes and offerings. But also making the church a kind of training center where members and other people come to learn about skills and knowledge to deal with life issues and some of the solutions to apply increased the number of church members and make some of them loyal to the point they would consider the church as their own institution more than being plugged only to spirituality.
Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda has been demographically growing and is expected to double from 1.13 million of population in 2012 to two million by 2020. Both population growth and city surface expansion have created a burden that the existing basic infrastructures can't sustain. The question is how such a huge burden is shared between those who are better-off economically and the poorer ones. In this paper, the issue was examined in the sense to investigate whether the shortage makes water expensive to the extent that poorer families get hard to afford it? Findings have shown that the poorer families are the most affected since they have limited financial means to afford a high cost to cover such a basic daily need. Most of them live in old suburbs whereby water pipes' network does not ease water flow-in because they are old or damaged. They are also far from putting in place support equipments such as tanks to store water when it comes in the taps. Beyond all those cases, water becomes a very expensive product which they can't afford given the minimum wages of a Rwandan laborer in Kigali.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.