Background High serum uric acid levels are associated with gout, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Three genes (SLC2A9, ABCG2, and SLC17A3) were reported to be involved in the regulation of uric acid levels. Research Design and Methods: SNPs rs2231142 (ABCG2) and rs1165205 (SLC17A3) were genotyped in three cohorts (n = 4492) and combined with previously genotyped SNPs within SLC2A9 (rs6855911, rs7442295, rs6449213, rs12510549). Results Each copy of the minor allele decreased uric acid levels by 0.30–0.38 mg/dL for SLC2A9 (p values: 10−20–10−36) and increased levels by 0.34 mg/dL for ABCG2 (p = 1.1×10−16). SLC17A3 influenced uric acid levels only modestly. Together the SNPs showed graded associations with uric acid levels of 0.111 mg/dL per risk allele (p = 3.8×10−42). In addition, we observed a sex-specific interaction of age with the association of SLC2A9 SNPs with uric acid levels, where increasing age strengthened the association of SNPs in women and decreased the association in men. Conclusions Genetic variants within SLC2A9, ABCG2 and SLC17A3 show highly significant associations with uric acid levels, and for SNPs within SLC2A9 this association is strongly modified by age and sex.

Several studies implicated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) as an important second messenger for regulating nociceptor sensitization, but downstream targets of this signaling pathway which contribute to neuronal plasticity are not well understood. We used a Cre/loxP-based strategy to disable the function of either HCN2 or PKA selectively in a subset of peripheral nociceptive neurons and analyzed the nociceptive responses in both transgenic lines. A near-complete lack of sensitization was observed in both mutant strains when peripheral inflammation was induced by an intradermal injection of 8br-cAMP. The lack of HCN2 as well as the inhibition of PKA eliminated the cAMP-mediated increase of calcium transients in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Facilitation of Ih via cAMP, a hallmark of the Ih current, was abolished in neurons without PKA activity. Collectively, these results show a significant contribution of both genes to inflammatory pain and suggest that PKA-dependent activation of HCN2 underlies cAMP-triggered neuronal sensitization.

The GREGOR telescope was inaugurated in 2012. In 2018, we began a complete upgrade, involving optics, alignment, instrumentation, mechanical upgrades for vibration reduction, updated control systems, and building enhancements, and in addition, adapted management and policies. This paper describes all major updates performed during this time. Since 2012, all powered mirrors except for M1 were exchanged. Since March 2020, GREGOR observes with diffraction-limited performance and a new optics and instrument layout.

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A series of homo- and hetero-polynuclear coinage metal complexes based on a phosphine-substituted 1,2,3-triazole system was synthesized.

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We report on the synthesis of N-heterocyclic tetrylenes ligated by the NON-donor framework 4,5-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenylamino)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethylxanthene. The molecular structures of the germylene (3), stannylene (4) and plumbylene (5) where determined by X-ray diffraction studies. Furthermore, we present quantum chemical studies on the σ-donor and πacceptor properties of 3-5. Additionally, we report on the reactivity of the tetrylenes towards the transition metal carbonyls [Rh(CO) 2 Cl] 2 , [W(CO) 6 ] and [Ni(CO) 4 ]. The isolated complexes (6 and 7) show the differing reactivity of NHTs compared to NHCs. Instead of just forming the anticipated complex [(NON) SnÀ Rh(CO) 2 Cl], 4 inserts into the RhÀ Cl bond to afford [(NON) Sn(Cl)Rh(CO)(C 6 H 6 )] (6, additional CO/C 6 H 6 exchange) and [(NON)Sn(Cl)Rh 2 (CO) 4 Cl] (7). By avoiding halogenated transition metal precursors in order to prevent insertion reactions, germylene 3 shows "classical" coordination chemistry towards {Ni(CO) 3 } forming the complex [(NON)GeÀ Ni(CO) 3 ] (8).

A retro‐style arcade machine needs an oxidant or a proton to be inserted to start playing and to switch the donating capabilities of novel phosphine ligands orthogonally and reversibly. Rh‐catalysed hydrosilylation showed that these triggers can influence either the rate of conversion and/or the product distribution. The Japanese kanji for “iron” highlights the ferrocene moiety in the ligands′ metal complexes. More information can be found in the Communication by F. Dielmann, F. Breher et al. (DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101969).