The Cerrado-Amazonia Ecotone is one of the largest ecosystems in Brazil and is internationally considered a biodiversity hotspot. The occurrence of fires is common in these areas, directly affecting biomass losses and the reduction of vegetative vigor of forest typologies. Information obtained through remote sensing and geoprocessing can assist in the evaluation of vegetation behavior and its relation to the occurrence of forest fires. In this context, the objective of the present study was to analyze temporal vegetation dynamics, as well as their relationship with rainfall and fire occurrence on Indigenous lands, located in the Cerrado-Amazonia Ecotone of Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images of the MOD13Q1 MODIS product and burnt area of the MCD45A1 MODIS product, and rainfall images from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) sensor were used. The period analyzed was from 2007 to 2016. After pre-processing the NDVI, TRMM and burnt area images, correlation analyses were performed between the rainfall, vegetation index and burnt area images, considering different lags (−3 to 3), to obtain the best response time for the variables. The analyses of inter-annual vegetation index trends were carried out following Mann–Kendall monotonic trend and seasonal trend analysis methodologies. Significant correlations were observed between NDVI and rainfall (R = 0.84), in grass regions and between NDVI and burnt area (R = −0.74). The Mann–Kendall monotonic trend indicates vegetation index stability with positive variations in grass regions. The analysis of seasonal trends identified different vegetation responses, with this biome presenting a diverse phytophysiognomy and seasonal vegetation with different phases for amplitudes. This variation is evidenced by the various phytophysiognomies and their responses in relation to biomass gains and losses. The correlation and regression of the NDVI and rainfall in the vegetation type of grass areas show that the burnt area tends to increase with the reduction of NDVI. Finally, no defined pattern of vegetation cycles or phases was observed in terms of seasonality and the proposed methodology can be adapted to other world biomes.
This study aimed to analyze the use and land occupation considering the spatialization of precipitation in the hydrographic sub-basins (HS) in the northeast of the state of Mato Grosso. The data used to spatialize the mean accumulated rainfall in northeastern Mato Grosso considered the rainy season between October 1st and April 30th from 2016 to 2020. The isohyet map was obtained and stratified into three classes for discussion and data comparison. The delimitation of the HSs was carried out from a mosaic of images, generating a digital elevation model. To discuss the results, the mean accumulated rainfall isohyet map was superimposed on the HS map. Higher values of accumulated rainfall in the rainy season in northeastern Mato Grosso occur in its eastern portion in relatively lower altitudes, possibly related to the preference of the meteorological systems, which produces maximum (minimum) rainfall on the windward (leeward) of the mountains. In areas with a mean accumulated rainfall above 1,200, the occupations with forestry and grassland vegetation and managed pastures and agriculture add up to 49% and 23% of the total area, respectively. The study revealed that, in the northeast region of the state of Mato Grosso, the area occupied by the delimitation of the mean accumulated precipitation above 1,200 mm has 49% of its extension occupied with natural vegetation areas and 23% of its extension occupied with agricultural or livestock activities.
This study sought to evaluate the fragmentation patterns of the forest and cerrado vegetation in the northeast of the state of Mato Grosso. The investigation used landscape metrics after extracting those fragments from the shapefile of soil use and occupation of the state of Mato Grosso and their application on the file of a negative buffer of 50.00. Forest and cerrado fragments were grouped into size classes in hectares. The quantified and specialized landscape metrics were area (mean perimeter/area ratio, core areas index, edge density), shape (mean shape indicator) and proximity (distance from the nearest neighbor in meters and the proximity index). The northeast of the state of Mato Grosso is occupied by 34.81% and 27.22% of the forest and cerrado fragments, respectively. The sum of the areas of the larger area size classes (classes >10,000 to 30,000 ha and >30,000 ha) is higher for forest fragments, which is indicative of the more expressive presence of the Amazon biome in that region and evidence of a more significant anthropic pressure on the fragmentation of the cerrado. In the northeast of the state of Mato Grosso, larger areas of forest and cerrado fragments are more protected than the smaller areas, as they have a smaller internal/external area ratio, higher percentage of central area, and less participatory border in relation to the total area.
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de águas de poços no perímetro urbano de Confresa-MT, Brasil. No período de abril a junho de 2019 foram coletadas amostras de água de 28 poços residenciais sem outorgas de captação, sendo 24 com profundidade média de 8,0 a 10,0 m, apenas manilhados partir da sua entrada, e 4 artesianos com aproximadamente 40,0 m. Nas amostras de água determinaram-se coliformes totais e fecais e Escherichia coli. Os dados foram espacializados, com intuito de discutir a qualidade das águas provenientes dos poços do perímetro urbano de Confresa. A água captada de poços simples e artesianos no perímetro urbano de Confresa-MT teve características químicas aceitáveis porém, torna-se não potável devido a presença de coliformes fecais e E. coli.
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ResumoEste trabalho objetivou construir modelos digitais de elevação (MDE) do Município de Confresa-MT por meio de diferentes interpoladores. O MDE foi obtido a partir dos valores de altitude elipsoidal fornecidos pelo aplicativo computacional Google Earth nos vértices de uma grade poligonal retangular regular com auxílio do aplicativo computacional TrackMaker. O sistema de coordenadas geográficas métrico UTM, sistema geodésico de referência SIRGAS 2000 com o elipsoide GRS80 e datum geocêntrico foram utilizados nas configurações dos aplicativos computacionais Track Maker e Golden Surfer 8.0 -esse último utilizado para confecção do MDE por meio dos interpoladores. Embora os valores de altitude utilizados tenham sido elipsoidais, tornando obrigatório o emprego do Mapa Geoidal do Brasil na obtenção de altitudes referenciadas ao geóide (nível médio dos mares) foi possível estimar Modelos Digitais de Elevação do Município de Confresa-MT com base em softwares e base de dados georreferenciados disponíveis e de baixo custo, acreditando-se que os resultados obtidos são relevantes para utilização nas demais áreas científicas interessadas daquele Município. Constatou-se que a comparação entre interpoladores utilizados nas representações do MDE do Município de Confresa-MT foi mais interessante quando se observaram as formas pelas quais esses criam seus diagramas.Palvras-chaves: Poligonal retangular regular. Interpoladores. Modelo.
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