Genetic differences in internal color need to be detectable to select improved calabaza [Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne) Poir.] for regions where a dark orange pulp is preferred. For 2 years, data were collected from the cultivar ‘Borinquen’ to relate the effect of age of fruit on internal color. Several possible maturity indicators were also followed. Pulp color was quantified by a color chart assigned numerical values. Orange color increased with fruit age during both years, with a commercially desirable color having developed by 50 days after anthesis in ‘Borinquen’. Maturity indicators, such as dried tendrils or change in rind color, were too variable to be used reliably to choose fruit for detecting pulp color differences among lines. We found tagging of sample fruit at anthesis and harvesting 50 days later to be the most consistent method for selecting lines for orange pulp and/or fast maturation. Using this approach, highly significant differences were found among S1 (self-pollinated) lines for pulp color and thickness and among S2 lines for pulp color. S2 lines were equal or better in pulp color than ‘Borinquen’, even though they were derived from populations variable for pulp traits. Pulp color and thickness were also correlated in these lines. We concluded that both traits seem selectable with our method in early generations of self pollination.
Seven cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), representing both frying and bell types, and open-poflinated and hybrid varieties, were planted at population levels of 35,878, 53,818, and 71,757 plants/ha. The lowest density is the conventional rate in Puerto Rico. They were planted af the Fortuna Substation, Juana Díaz, Puerto Rico. Irrigation was supplied throughout the dry season. After the fourth harvest, two replicates were pruned to 12 cm for a second crop. Planting density affected yield but not fruit size. There was a density x cultivar interaction at P = 0.09 for yield. Doubling the population increased yield 12 to 40%. Response to pruning was cultivar-specific. Total yield was 25 to 100% greater than yield before pruning. Both practices could serve as low capital innovations for the tropics.
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