The toxic nerve agent (NA) soman is the most toxic artificially synthesized compound that can rapidly penetrate into the brain and irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, leading to immediate death. However, there are currently few brain-targeted nanodrugs that can treat acute chemical brain poisoning owing to the limited drug-releasing speed. The present study investigated the effectiveness of a nanodrug against NA toxicity that has high blood-brain barrier penetration and is capable of rapid drug release. Transferrin-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (TF-MSNs) were conjugated with the known AChE reactivator HI-6. This nanodrug rapidly penetrated the blood-brain barrier in zebrafish and mice and restored cerebral AChE activity via the released HI-6, preventing the brain damage caused by soman poisoning and increasing the survival rate in mice. Furthermore, there was no toxicity associated with the MSNs in mice or rats. These results demonstrate that TF-MSNs loaded with HI-6 represent the most effective antidote against NA poisoning by soman reported to date, and suggest that MSNs are a safe alternative to conventional drugs and an optimal nanocarrier for treating brain poisoning, which requires acute pulse cerebral administration.
As a hot technology in the industry, UAV can play a role in all aspects of earthquake emergency system. In view of the scene of earthquake emergency, according to the characteristics and latest development of UAV, combined with its application in various kinds of natural disasters in recent years, it discusses the design of UAV aided earthquake emergency system. The UAV aerial image processing subsystem focuses on the disaster condition collection, earthquake intensity evaluation and thematic map production after the earthquake. The UAV on-site rescue subsystem focuses on the materials transportation after the earthquake, personnel searching and rescuing, and command and dispatching. The tethered UAV emergency communication subsystem mainly provides emergency communication support after the earthquake. The UAV image return subsystem is designed to deliver images of disaster areas to headquarters and the public, so that they can have an intuitive and vivid understanding of the disaster situation, rescue force deployment and rescue progress in the disaster areas.
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